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The relative pronoun must always be expressed in Spanish.
El libro que compré ayer es muy interesante. The book ( ) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
The relative pronouns are:
A. Que.
A. Que.
Que is the simplest and most used of all the Spanish relative pronouns. It may be either the subject or object of the verb, and may refer either to persons or things; however, it cannot be used after a preposition referring to people.
El hombre que compró nuestra casa es rico. The man who bought our house is rich.
No me gustó la fruta que me vendieron. I didn’t like the fruit that they sold me.
B. Cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas.
B. Cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas.
It is both relative pronoun and adjective; it must agree in gender and number with the thing possessed.
La señora, cuyos sombreros nos gustaron, es muy hermosa. The lady, whose hats we like, is very pretty.
El hombre, cuyo libro estudiamos, vive in México. The man, whose book we are studying, lives in Mexico.
C. Quien (quienes).
C. Quien (quienes).
It can refer only to persons. When a direct object, it requires the preposition a (a quien).
El librero, a quien vi ayer, va a mostrarme unos libros. The bookseller, who I saw yesterday, is going to show me some books.
Las personas, quienes no dijeron nada, hablan español también. The people, who didn’t say anything, speak Spanish, also.
D. El cual (la cual, los cuales, las cuales), el que (la que, los que, las que).
D. El cual (la cual, los cuales, las cuales), el que (la que, los que, las que).
These relative pronouns, in which the article indicates the gender and the number of the antecedent, are frequently used in order to prevent ambiguity. They may refer to persons or things.
La tía de Juan, la que (la cual) va a visitarnos, es muy hermosa. Juan’s aunt, the one who is going to visit us, is very pretty.
El mozo, al que di la propina, nos sirvió bien. The waiter, the one I gave the tip, served us well.
El mozo, del cual usted habla, no trabaja aquí. The waiter, of whom you talk, does not work here.
E. Lo que.
E. Lo que.
An indefinite neuter, refers neither to a person nor to a thing, but rather to an idea.
Lo que dijo, era muy interesante. What (that which) you spoke, was very interesting.
Practice
Practice
1. Drag and drop the right relative pronoun or connector:
2. Write the right relative pronoun or connector:
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