Also see tasks included in "Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics" by Peter Liljedahl
Also see this spreadsheet that further breaks down some of Robert Kaplinsky's problems by standard.
(These are long tasks meant to assess student understanding and guide teaching mid-way through a unit.)
(With correlation to Common Core Standards Numbering)
(These are not tasks, but could be used daily or weekly as short warm ups/exit tickets to encourage thinking & talking)