Upscaling electrochemical separation

Designing new processes and materials is important to evaluate the effect of co-ions and chemical bonds on a molecular scale. As STEM researchers, we must consider upscale experiments from lab scale into semi-pilot and pilot scale for testing in a real engineering system. Contrasting challenges shed light by upscaling materials/processes developed in a laboratory, which makes such analysis crucial for technological feasibility but also economic and environmental assessment. 

Mass transfer, material resistance and lifespan, economic feasibility, and environmental impact are evaluated as more suitable in semi-pilot and pilot scales. Beyond the topics included in previous sections, it can also be cited Advanced Oxidation Processes for separation in battery recycling and mining waste leach solutions.