Engineering plays a critical role in ensuring the social and environmental feasibility of mining projects. Innovative processes and materials development are key to addressing these challenges. For example, biomaterials are being employed for wastewater treatment in gold mining, offering eco-friendly alternatives to chemical treatments. The recycling of e-waste not only minimizes environmental impact but also provides social benefits by reducing hazardous waste. Additionally, producing biomaterials from contaminated sites for industrial wastewater treatment and synthesizing zeolites from mining tailings demonstrate how resource recovery can enhance both environmental sustainability and social responsibility in the mining industry.