INTERPERSONAL

Interpersonal Intelligence is one of the intelligence put forward by Howard Gardner, a leading intelligence psychologist in America. His multiple intelligence theory ( Multiple intelligences) has become a model in child education worldwide (Safaria, 2005). Interpersonal intelligence or social intelligence, is defined as a person's ability and skills in creating relationships, building relationships, and maintaining social relationships so that both parties are in a win-win situation. This intelligence involves the ability to understand and work with other people. Gardner (1983) in Safaria (2005) stated that children who have high interpersonal intelligence can relate to other people. Children who have high interpersonal intelligence will be able to carry out effective communication with other people, be able to empathize well, be able to develop harmonious relationships with other people, they can quickly understand the temperament, nature, and personality of other people, be able to understand moods, motives, and other people's intentions.

Dimensions of Interpersonal Intelligence 

Anderson (1999: 144) says that Interpersonal Intelligence has three main dimensions that form a unified whole and complement each other. So if one dimension is unequal it will weaken the other dimensions. The following are the three dimensions of Interpersonal Intelligence, namely:

1. Social sensitivity

namely the child's ability to feel and observe the changing reactions of other people that they show both verbally and non-verbally. Children who have high social sensitivity will easily understand and be aware of certain reactions from other people, whether these reactions are positive or negative.

★ People who have social sensitivity according to Anderson are characterized by:

1) Having an empathetic attitude, namely understanding other people based on that person's point of view, perspective, needs, and experiences. Therefore, an empathetic attitude is needed in the socialization process to create a mutually beneficial and meaningful relationship.

2) Having a prosocial attitude, namely moral actions that must be carried out culturally, such as sharing, helping someone in need, cooperating with people, and expressing sympathy.

2. Social insight

 namely the child's ability to understand and find effective solutions to problems in social interactions, so that these problems do not hinder or destroy the social relations that the child has built. Of course, the problem-solving offered is a win-win approach or a win-win solution. It also includes the child's ability to understand social situations and social ethics so that the child can adapt to the situation.

★ According to Anderson, people who have social insight are characterized by:

1) Having self-awareness, namely being able to realize and appreciate the totality of one's existence in the world, such as being aware of one's desires, aspirations, hopes, and goals for the future.

2) Have an understanding of social situations/social ethics. This understanding regulates which behaviors must be carried out and which behaviors are prohibited from being carried out. These rules cover many things such as etiquette in visiting, making friends, eating, playing, borrowing, asking for help, and many other things.

3) Have problem-solving skills. Every individual needs skills to solve problems effectively. Especially if the problem is related to interpersonal conflict.

3. Social communication

 is an individual's ability to use communication processes in carrying out and building healthy interpersonal relationships. In the process of creating, building, and maintaining social relations, a person needs the means. Of course, the means used is through the communication process, which includes both verbal and non-verbal communication and communication through physical appearance. Communication skills that must be mastered are effective listening skills, effective speaking skills, public speaking skills, and effective writing skills (Anonymous, 2010).

★ According to Anderson, people who have social communications are characterized by:

1) Effective in communication. Communication is the most important tool in human life. Communication is a must for someone who wants success in their life.

2) Effective listening. One of the communication skills is listening skills. Listening requires attention and empathy so that people feel understood and appreciated.