Work and energy interactions, Representation of isothermal, isentropic, isobaric and isochoric processes on P-V and T-S diagrams, Classical thermodynamics, conservation equations for systems and control volumes, one-dimensional flow of a compressible perfect gas – isentropic and non-isentropic flows. Propulsion system performance, the gas generator Brayton cycle, zero-dimensional analysis of ideal ramjet, turbojet, and turbofan cycles, non-ideality, and isentropic efficiencies. Performance analysis of inlets and nozzles, gas turbine combustors, compressors, and turbines and discussion of factors limiting performance. 

Thrust Equation 

INLETS and NOZZLE 

Problem 

Handwritten notes 

Introduction to various air breathing and non-air breathing engines. Principle of thrust generation, Brayton cycle, types of air-breathing propulsion systems, components of jet engine and their functions, diffuser design for subsonic and supersonic flights, preliminary aspects of axial flow compressor and turbines, types of combustors, convergent nozzle, CD Nozzle, flow through nozzles – optimal, under and over expanded nozzles. 

Performance of Air breathing engines: Ideal cycle analysis, efficiencies of components and non-ideal cycle analysis, engine performance analysis – specific thrust, specific fuel consumption, propulsive, thermal and overall efficiencies. Efficiencies of air breathing and non-air breathing engines. 

Classification based on energy system, nozzle and Thrust Equation; Specific Impulse, Thrust Coefficient, Characteristic Velocity and other Performance Parameters; liquid rocket engine, components and propellants, solid rocket propellants, performance parameters and motor design, hybrid rocket propulsion systems, selection of rocket propulsion systems, thrust vector control methods, rocket exhaust plumes, rocket testing. 

Advanced Propulsion: Scramjet and pulse jet engines - principle of operation. Electric propulsion thrusters: classification, principle and application. nuclear propulsion system, concepts, design and application, Recent Micro Spacecraft Developments; Micro-propulsion Options; Primary Set of Micro-propulsion Requirements 

1.Cohen, H, Saravanamuttoo, HIH., Rogers, GFC, Paul Straznicky and Andrew Nix, “Gas Turbine Theory”, Pearson Education Canada; 7th edition, 2017. 

2. Gill,WP, Smith,HJ & Ziurys,JE, “Fundamentals of Internal Combustion Engines as applied to Reciprocating, Gas turbine & Jet Propulsion Power Plants”, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., 1980. 

3. Hill, PG. & Peterson, CR. “Mechanics & Thermodynamics of Propulsion” Pearson education, 2 nd edition, 2014. 

1. Oates, GC,“Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components”, AIAA Education Series, 2007. 

2. Sutton,GP, “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 9th Edition, 2017. 

3. J Seddon & E L Goldsmith. “Intake Aerodynamics”, AIAA education series. 1999.