Pupils should be taught to:

•  identify and name the main parts of the human circulatory system and describe the functions of the heart, blood vessels and blood;

• recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs and lifestyle on the ways their bodies function;  

• describe the ways in which nutrients and water are transported within animals including humans.

Enquiry 1:  What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

Children to learn that the circulatory system has three main parts: the heart (a muscular organ that pumps blood), blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood (which carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products). The circulatory system transports nutrients, water and oxygen to the entire body. 

Enquiry 2:  How does the number of batteries affect the brightness of the bulb? 

Blood is made from four parts: Red blood cells which transport oxygen. White blood cells which protect against disease. Blood platelets help the blood to clot and form scabs to repair a cut. Plasma is a yellowy liquid that carries these cells and important nutrients around your body.

The children will use diagrams to show understanding and as evidence to support scientific knowledge. 

Enquiry 3: What is the impact of exercise on how our bodies function?

Children will learn that when you engage in physical activity, especially aerobic exercises like running or cycling, your heart rate typically increases. This is because your muscles require more oxygen and nutrients to meet the increased demand for energy during exercise. The heart responds by pumping more blood, leading to a higher heart rate.

Children will devise pattern-seeking, comparative and fair test questions. They will independently plan a pattern-seeking experiment to explore the relationship between the types of exercise we can do and heart rate. They will identify the variables that need to be controlled and plan a method. They will present findings in a graph, then draw conclusions and suggest further investigations.  They will take measurements and read them with accuracy.

Enquiry 4: How are nutrients and water transported within animals, including humans

Children will learn that the circulatory system transports water and nutrients around the body.  They will learn that all animals have the same system – some have double circulatory systems and some have single, some have closed circulatory systems and

some have open.

Pupils will learn about scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or arguments (William Harvey). They will learn some ways in which technological advancements have changed our exploration of the human body..

Enquiry 5: How do diet, drugs and lifestyle impact our bodies?

Children will learn that it is important to eat a healthy diet so that we have energy, our brains can concentrate, we can fight off infections and so that we do not become overweight which can cause long-term poor health. We need sleep to help us recover and recharge. This is good for our mental and physical health. Some drugs are helpful, like medicines. These should be taken according to the instructions. They will also learn that taking drugs, drinking alcohol and smoking can have very harmful effects on our bodies as they are highly addictive. 

Pupils will explore nutritional guidance and draw conclusions. They will then carry out observations over time to monitor health over the course of a week and draw conclusions. They will select an appropriate way to record observations.  They will understand how scientists may make breakthroughs in finding drugs that can help us. plan a problem-solving scientific enquiry, which recognises and controls variables, to make a working device.

Enquiry 6: Revisit and Assess Knowledge from Previous Sessions