Updated references

 
2000

-Clauss RP, Güldenpfennig WM, Nel HJ, Sathekge MM, Venkannagari RR. Extraordinary arousal from semi-comatose state on zolpidem: A case report. SAMJ 2000, 90(1): 68- 72.

  

2001

-Clauss RP, van der Merwe CE, Nel HW. Arousal from a semi-comatose state on zolpidem. SAMJ, 2001, 91 (10): 788

-Clauss RP, Dormehl IC, Oliver DW, Nel WH, Kilian E, Louw WK. Measurement of cerebral perfusion after zolpidem administration in the baboon model. Arzneimittelforschung. 2001, 51(8):619-22.

 

2002

-Clauss RP, Dormehl IC, Killian E, Louw WK, Nel HW, Oliver DW Cerebral blood perfusion after treatment with zolpidem and flumazenil in the baboon. Arzneimittelforschung. 2002, 52(10):740-4.

-Jarry C, Fontenas JP, Jonville-Bera AP, Autret-Leca E (2002). Beneficial effect of zolpidem for dementia. Ann Pharmacoter. 2002, 36(11) 1808.

 

2004

-Clauss RP, Sathekge M, Nel W. Transient improvement of Spinocerebellar Ataxia with zolpidem. N Engl J Med. 2004, 29, 351(5): 511-2.

-Clauss RP, Nel WH. Effect of zolpidem on brain injury and diaschisis as detected by 99mTc HMPAO brain SPECT in humans. Arzneimittelforschung. 2004;54(10):641-6.

-Ginsberg DL. Zolpidem treatment of Chronic Aphasia. Primary Psychiatry 2004, 11(4) 12- 17.

-Cohen L, Chaaban B, Haberl MO. Transient Improvement of Aphasia with Zolpidem. N Engl J Med. 2004, 350(9)  949-950.

-Shadan FF, Poceta JS, Kline LE. Zolpidem for Postanoxic Spasticity. Southern Med J. 2004, 97(8) 791-792.

 

2005

-Clauss RP, Nel H W. Evidence for Zolpidem efficacy in brain damage. SA Fam Pract 2005;47(3): 49-50.

-Clauss RP, Jayarajan V, Nel HW, Saunders E, Warner G. Evidence for zolpidem in auditory impairment. 9th European Federation of Neurological Societies Congress, Athens, 2005.

 

2006

-Clauss RP, Nel HW. Drug induced arousal from the permanent vegetative state. NeuroRehab 2006, 21(1): 23- 28.

 

2007

-Brefel-Courbon C, Payoux P, Ory F, Sommet A, Slaoui T, Raboyeau G, Lemesle B, Puel M, Montastruc JL, Demonet JF, Cardebat D. Clinical and Imaging evidence of zolpidem effect in hypoxic encephalopathy. Ann Neurol. 2007, 62(1) 102.

 
2008

-Cohen SI, Duong TT. Increased Arousal in a Patient with anoxic brain injury after administration of zolpidem. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008, 87(3) 229- 231.

-Du B, Shan A, Yang D, Xiang W. Induced arousal following zolpidem treatment in a vegetative state after brain injury in 7 cases : Analysis using visual single photon emission conputerized tomography and digitized cerebral state monitor. Neurl Regeneration Research. 2008, 3/1 (94096), 1673-5374

-Shames JL & Ring, H (2008). Transient reversal of anoxic brain injury-related Minimally Conscious State after zolpidem administration: A case report.  Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008, 89 386-388.

-Singh R, McDonald C, Dawson K, Lewis S, Pringle AM, Smith S, Pentland B. Zolpidem in a Minimally Conscious State. Brain Inj. 2008, 22(1)103 – 106.
 

2009

-Manzl G, Biller A, Schuko S, Kaps M, Liepert J. Zolpidem in Vegetative State. Neurol Rehabil 2009, 15(1): 23-27.
-Adamiak G, Stetkiewicz A, Lewandowska A, Borkowska A. An extraordinary improvement of neurological condition following zolpidem administration to a patient with ischemic cerebellar stroke, secondary hydrocephalus and brain stem damage: a case report. Posttepy Psychiatrii Neurologii 2009, 18(3): 303-306.
-Alisky JM. Minimally-responsive head injury survivors may have chronic catatonia reversed years after an accident. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50(11):1117.

-Whyte J, Myers R. Incidence of clinically significant responses to zolpidem among patients with Disorders Of Consciousness: A preliminary placebo controlled trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2009, 88 (5): 410-418.

- Williams ST, Conte MM, Kobylarz EJ, Hersh JE, Victor JD, Schiff ND. Quantitative neurophysiologic characterization of a paradoxical response to zolpidem in a severely brain injured human subject. Program No. 541.6/R9.2009. Society for Neuroscience, 2009.
 

2010

-Clauss RP. Neurotransmitters in Coma, Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States, pharmacological interventions. Medical Hypotheses 2010, 75(3): 287-290.         

-Hall SD, Yamawaki N, Fisher AE, Clauss RP, Woodhall GL, Stanford IM. GABA(A) alpha-1 subunit mediated desynchronization of elevated low frequency oscillations alleviates specific dysfunction in stroke--a case report. Clin Neurophysiol. 2010, 121(4):549-55.

-Nyakale NE, Clauss RP, Nel HW, Sathekge MM. Clinical and Brain SPECT scan response to zolpidem in patients after brain damage. Arzneimittel Forschung. 2010, 60 (4): 177-81.
-Machado C, Estevez M, Redriguez R, Perez-Nellar J, Loubinoux I, Chollet F. Wakefulness and loss of awareness: Brain and brainstem interaction in the Vegetative State. Neurology 2010; 75: 751-2.

-Snyman N, Egan JR, London K, Howman-Giles R, Gill D, Gillis J, Scheinberg A.Zolpidem for persistent vegetative state--a placebo-controlled trial in pediatrics. Neuropediatrics 2010 Oct;41(5):223-7

-Rodriguez-Rojas R, Machado C, Alvarez L, Carballo M, Perez-Nellar J, Estevez M, Pavon N, Chinchilla M.   Metabolic changes underlying BOLD signal variations after administration of zolpidem. Abous Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Publications and Printing Services, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and International Atomic Energy Agency, December 2010.

2011

-Machado C, Estévez M, Pérez-Nellar J, Gutiérrez J, Rodríguez R, Carballo M, Chinchilla M, Machado A, Portela L, García-Roca MC, Beltrán C. Autonomic, EEG, and Behavioral Arousal Signs in a PVS Case After Zolpidem Intake. Can J Neurol Sci. 2011, 38(2):341-4.

-Shyu C, Burke K, Souweidane MM, Dunkel IJ, Gilheeney SW, Gershon T, Khakoo Y. Novel use of zolpidem in cerebellar mutism syndrome. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2011, 33(2):148-9.

-Victor JD, Drover JD, Conte MM, Schiff ND. Quantification of Behavior Sackler Colloquium: Mean-field modeling of thalamocortical dynamics and a model-driven approach to EEG analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011.

-Oliveira L, Fregni F. Pharmacological and electrical stimulation in chronic disorders of consciousness: New insights and future directions. Brain Inj. 2011;25(4):315-27 

-Clauss RP. Neurotransmitters in disorders of consciousness and brain damage. Med Hypotheses 2011.

-Nyakale NE, Clauss RP, Nel HW, Sathekge MM, Pilloy W. SPECT changes correlated to improvements on the Barthel Index in patients on zolpidem after stroke. French-Belgian-Luxembourgish joint congress on nuclear medicine. Kirschberg, Place de l'Europe, Luxembourg. May 2011.

-Nyakale NE, Clauss RP, Nel HW, Sathekge MM. Clinical and Brain SPECT Changes in Stroke Patients on Zolpidem Therapy. Functional Neurology, Rehabilitation, and Ergonomics 2011, 1(3).

-Mathieu S, Autret K, Arnould A, Travers C, Charveriat S, Vandenhelsken C, Jegousse G, Genet F, Azouvi P. Treatment of apathy with zolpidem (Stilnox): two double-blind, placebo controlled case studies. 26th Congress of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Nantes, Oct 2011.

-Clauss RP, Nyakale NE, Nel HW, Sathekge MM. Efficacy and safety of zolpidem in patients after brain damage and stroke. 2nd International Symposium on Disorders of Consciousness, Havana, Cuba, December 6-8 2011

-Barreda MC, Rodriguez R, Machado C. Assessment of metabolic modulation of cortical network after pharmacological intervention by multimodal neuroimaging in patients with brain injuries.2nd International Symposium on Disorders of Consciousness, Havana, Cuba, December 6-8 2011. 

-Machado C, Estevez M, Rodriguez R, Perez-Nellar J. Structural and functional neuroimaging assessment of Disorders of Consciousness.2nd International Symposium on Disorders of Consciousness, Havana, Cuba, December 6-8 2011. 

-Laureys S, Schiff ND. Coma and consciousness: Paradigms (re)framed by neuroimaging. Neuroimage 2011.

2012

-Machado C, Estévez M, Rodriguez R, Pérez-Nellar J, Gutiérrez J, Carballo M, Olivares A, Fleitas M, Pando A, Beltrán C. A Cuban perspective on management of Persistent Vegetative State. MIDICC Review 2012, 14(1):44- 48.

- Clauss RP. The Origins of Thoughts and Conscioussness. Amazon Kindle KDP. March 2012. ASIN B007NFBE3W. ISBN 978-0-9559409-1-0. 

-Miyazaki Y, Sako W, Asanuma K, Izumi Y, Miki T, Kaji R. Efficacy of zolpidem for dystonia: a study among different subtypes. Front Neurol. 2012;3:58.