Faster than you think.
For first time riders the WAW's
joystick steering may appear very sensitive. It's important to realise
that the obtained speed is probably much higher than one's accustomed to
as a cyclist, and higher than perceived due to the wind protection.
Compared to automobiles, the predominance of body mass over vehicle mass
means a velomobile
has to be designed and ridden entirely different.
We recommend
you take a few weeks' time to get acquainted with the idiosyncrasies of a
'multi-track ultralight vehicle' like the WAW, before going flat out.
Riding
a bicycle is a good metaphor here: consciously pulling the handlebars
may cause a crash. One rather has to
think the bike towards the
intended direction. By the time we obtain decent speeds with a bicycle
we have incorporated a subconscious sense of balance and steering. This
is true for the WAW as well: concentrate on the direction you want to
go, not on the joysticks, and allow your motor memory to absorb the
routine.
I'll elaborate on some of the principles of steering
further on.
Weight
distribution.
The position of the rider is designed to obtain an
optimal weight distribution over the three wheels. This is the reason
why the pedals' position is adjustable instead of the seat (to some
expense of adjustability alas).
The velomobile's tendency to
oversteer (tail breaking out) or understeer is greatly influenced by the
weight distribution. The rider's belly button is roughly the centre of
gravity of both rider and WAW. It's intelligent to distribute the weight
of whatever you carry evenly around this point. This is achieved easily
by distributing your luggage on both sides of and under the seat. The
closer to the front wheels and the lower, the better.
Cornering.
The WAW is a very stable
machine in terms of streamlined hpv's. The wheel camber (inclination of
the front wheels) allows us to combine a narrow wind profile with a
broad track width. However some caution is required: it's not as obvious
as driving a four wheeler. Use your common sense.
Depending on
the centripetal force (= lateral acceleration = side force) the
cornering is generating, it may happen that:
a) the vehicle slides
sideways. This happens if the adherence of the tyres can't match the
lateral acceleration. Usually a lot of fun but some wisdom is required.
b)
when the resulting force vector (lateral acceleration plus gravity)
points from the center of gravity (CG) to a line between the rear wheel
and the outer front wheel, the inner wheel goes up. At that moment the
velomobile becomes 'dynamically unstable' and behaves like a bicycle.
This needn't be a problem as long as you don't panic. Some recommend to
find a parking lot and ride around in circles increasingly fast to get a
feel of the lateral acceleration required to lift a wheel.
c) even
more side force will flip the velomobile. This is of course rather
disconcerting and to be avoided at all cost.
Leaning.
As your body weight is several
times greater that the WAW's, it's a pretty big factor in the general
weight distribution - never consider yourself dead weight. Even within
the limited space of a WAW,
active leaning of the body to the
inside of the turn moves the CG inward and improves stability
considerably.
The steering sticks are a help to position yourself in
space, but since we try to keep them as light as possible and to avoid
unwanted steering input, we recommend using your own lumbar muscles to
lean inward. You can use your feet (with clipless pedals, preferrably)
and butt as pivots.
Wind.
The
WAW is designed to minimize the impact of side wind. Wind interference
is avoided by designing the CP (center of wind pressure) coincident with
the CG. This appears to work rather well.
A little note on
Lift:
this is a common problem on many contemporary ultralight vehicles. The
rounded nose of some creates a wing effect which results in wind gusts
lifting up the vehicle, with scratching of velos and gnashing/loss of
teeth to suit. The longitudinal 'dent' in the nose of the WAW isn't
there for improved vision only: it acts litteraly as a 'spoiler' of side
winds to avoid lift.
Again, use your sensible judgement.