Netizens


Role of Judiciary Clarified & Explained

Justice D V Shylendra Kumar

Judge, High Court of Karnataka

 

 

Bangalore,

4th January, 2010

NETIZENS AND CITIZENS,

 

Greetings to you all.   My greetings and good wishes for all good things to come to all of us in the year of 2010.

My earlier communications, particularly, the posting on the site on 17th December 2009, while I was at the Gulbarga Circuit Bench of the High Court of Karnataka, has undoubtedly elicited tremendous response from the enlightened, awakened and right thinking citizens of our country.

I never had any doubt in my mind that the majority of our population, even upto 80 to 90% of our population, have only right values, only want the right things to happen and all citizens – 100% - expect only the right and proper things from others, whether I am doing the right thing or not, I expect the right things to be done by others, more so, by people who are occupying public positions, positions of responsibility, positions of power coupled with discretion and at any rate 100%  competence, integrity and the right response from the members of the judiciary to the grievances of citizens: to the complaints of litigant public brought before courts for solutions and nothing less than this.

ROLE OF JUDICIARY EXPLAINED & CLARIFIED

Judiciary is one organ of the State, which cannot afford to have even 1% suspect people, not even a single judge, who decides matters on considerations other than merits of a case, can be part of judiciary.

People may accept judges committing bona fide mistakes and rendering incorrect/wrong Judgments in which event, they may, if capable of, can get it corrected before an higher Judicial forum in an appeal, may workout their remedies before the higher appellate forum, but will never accept a dishonest judge!

Judiciary is held in the highest esteem in our country, as is the case elsewhere in the world, but more so, in our country, which has an ethos of tolerance, a philosophy to help persons who are in need, and a culture and philosophy of non-violence – never do any harm to others, even to other creatures on this earth.

Philosophy of peace and non-violence has a history of more than thousands of years in this country, starting from the Rishis during the Vedic period, Mahaveera, Buddha, Emperor Ashoka, the great revolutionary 12th century social reformer Basaveswara @ Basavanna in Karnataka, crusader Sant Guru Sri Gurunanak and his followers, Sufi Saint Sant Kabeer, followers of Bhakti cult such as Chaithanya Prabhu, Sant Tukaram, Thiruvalluvar from Tamilnadu, Haridasas such as  Purandaradas and Kanakadas from Karnataka, Sant Ramdas from Maharashtra, the great Adwaitha Saint Sri Shankaracharya, the great Visistadwaitha Saint Sri Ramanujacharya and the great Dwaitha Saint Sri Madhwacharya, all the great sharanas of Basaveswara’s period, before him and after him, and later Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa, his unparalleled disciple the great Indian monk Swami Vivekananda, who blazed around the globe, communicating the message and meaning of Hinduism, Sri Arabindo, Annie Besant, great social reformers like Sri Narayanaguru from Kerala, leading down right up to Mahatma Gandhi, Dr B R Ambedkar, to name a few and a host of other saints, social reformers and religious leaders, who all have preached only peace and non-violence.

Right values have been ingrained into our system and psyche and it is our philosophy and it is a way of life of the people in our country.

Unfortunately, it is only the foreign invaders who temporarily occupied and ruled our country who have left all negative values, have spread the cult of intolerance, violence, hatred and greed.   While all our rishis, saints, social reformers and freedom fighters preached tolerance and to lend a helping hand to persons in need, it is a great irony of our times that in our country the negative traits mentioned above have taken over our people and it is a great irony that we have degenerated after independence. The rate of degeneration, which was slow and not very noticeable immediately after independence, has of late become fast and is currently speeding so fast it can only result in a ghastly accident and disaster.

It is high time that we become aware of this development that we are heading towards a disaster, check it, arrest it and reverse it, so that our country regains its past glory, we become good citizens, our vast material resources including the greatest asset, such as, manpower, are all properly harnessed, our resources are well distributed amongst our countrymen, the disparity between the rich and the poor is reduced and at any rate I think, it is our duty to ensure that all citizens of the country are provided with the basic minimum needs to live a life with dignity and with a little contentment; that all citizens are provided with all basic requirements of adequate food, proper clothing, a shelter to live and education.   It does not matter much whether we become a super economic power, whether our country joins the rat-race with developed countries, whether we can also proclaim that are also a so-called ‘developed country’ and have acquired this status, but the effort should be to provide the minimum basic needs of our people.  

It is the duty of the government to provide this minimum requirement to all citizens of our country and it is to ensure this goal, laws are made by the legislature and is enforced through the administrators and guided by the elected representatives of people.  In such a system, the role of the judiciary is to ensure that while achieving this purpose and object, the legislature and the executive do not go astray, do not lose sight of this goal and it is the duty of the judiciary to incidentally ensure that persons manning the legislature and the executive do not misuse their powers to the detriment of public interest or to the detriment of the citizens of this country.

When such is the pivotal role assigned to the judiciary in the scheme of our Constitution, if members of the judiciary themselves go astray, incompetent people are functioning as judges, if judges themselves are dishonest and become outright corrupt, that not only spells dooms to the judicial system, but also for the entire country and its governance and it is the duty of every enlightened citizen to prevent this, to ensure such a disaster does not take place and if we by now are nearing this catastrophe, to immediately apply the brakes firmly and move away from it. 

It is only with this object I venture to deviate from the traditional path and role assigned to a judge: never to speak outside the court, but only to speak through the judgment.

Matters and topics which I have covered in my articles, letters to the citizens and netizens are all matters which do not come up before me on the judicial side and as a judge I cannot and should not do anything which can interfere with my judicial functions and in the discharge of my duties as a judge, as per my oath of office, which I have already mentioned and quoted in my earlier articles.

While I greatly appreciate the tremendous response of citizens and netizens, I would like to make it clear that as a sitting judge, I cannot respond.   I cannot enter into any conversation with any person, I cannot and should not take decisions outside court.   I am not an administrator.  

While I appreciate the response and had even invited reactions to my earlier views, it was not for taking a decision using my power and authority as a judge, but only to activate proper response from enlightened citizens so that the message is spread to others.

I do not hold any adalath in respect of these matters.   But, as I have indicated earlier, public opinion matters and a concerted, enlightened public opinion cannot be brushed aside by persons in power however high and mighty he/she may be.

In the background of recent developments and as a sequel to my earlier letter dated 17th December, 2009 and the contents thereof, the press people have been denied access to the High Court premises and no information flowed outside and my stoic silence towards press, as I do not speak to the press as a sitting judge of the high court, and as I do not even respond or clarify to the queries from the members of the press, the reports and news coverage in the media has been more speculative than of reality. 

I recollect the remarks made by Mr N Ram, Editor of The Hindu, English news daily at the function that had been organized in connection with the golden jubilee celebrations of the High Court of Karnataka that the present day reporters do not provide news but they only provide views!  Well, that is a matter concerning the ethics and professionalism in journalism and can constitute a totally different topic for examination, but not now!

The chief justice of our high court having declined permission to hold a meeting of all the judges of the high court to discuss the subject of propriety, desirability and the justification of the chief justice not discharging judicial functions, but continue to exercise powers and authority on the administrative side of the high court, as an alternative, I had circulated a letter amongst my colleagues apprising them that we can meet to discuss  and debate over the topic as part of our ‘study circle’ meetings.

The study circle meeting is an informal, in-house meeting of judges to discuss and debate over legal issues of current importance, legal issues of complications and on which there are or there could be divergent opinions and answers and to examine critically Judgments of the high courts and the supreme court.  The topic that I had suggested for discussion being one of seminal constitutional importance, I was sure that it can generate a good amount of debate and there can be a healthy discussion, not only in the light of the relevant constitutional provisions, but also in the light of the decided cases touching upon the relevant articles, in the Constitution of India.

But unfortunately, this message to my colleagues, perhaps, did not reach them in its true spirit and purpose and with the registrar of the high court having apprised all my colleagues that the meeting that had been called for had been shot down by the chief justice, most of my colleagues were under the impression that the cover containing my letter with information about the study circle meeting which I had sent to all my colleagues was, perhaps, understood by my colleagues that it was only about the meeting that had been aborted and therefore naturally there was not much response.

Even otherwise, the study circle meetings, I may confess, are not that very popular, as the maximum attendance had never exceeded 15 at any given point of time and on occasions it was even 3 or 4 and on the 19th December, 2009, it was not much different with five of us having an informal discussion about the topic.

This was not a meeting to pass any resolution, but only to enlighten ourselves with a little study beforehand.   Unfortunately, in the absence of a proper communication and information, the media has projected the meeting as a rebel meeting to pass a resolution against the chief justice etc etc., which was neither the purpose nor is a thing that can be achieved in this manner.  

There are many grey areas even within our constitution and while interpreting and understanding such areas, whenever some gap is found and where the constitutional provisions are not expressive and are silent, we, in judiciary, normally look up to the customs and conventions that have been developed and followed by the British parliament, as the parliamentary system of democracy is the system of governance which we have borrowed from the Britishes and other like governances and adopted in our Constitution.

 While that may not be workable and practical always, for the reason that the people in our country are different, have different ethos and values and grafting or transplantation may not always be a solution, we have to workout our own way and methods, which can suit out society, needs of our people and our social conditions.  It may take some time, but we have to keep striving.   That is my view.   The present effort is a small contribution in  this direction.

The Karnataka State Bar Council in collaboration with the Advocates’ Association, Hubli, had organized the  IX State Level Conference of Advocates at Hubli on 27th and 28th December, 2009.   The organizers have published a souvenir on this occasion and had requested me to contribute an article to be published in the souvenir.   I have contributed an article titled Judicial Accountability, which, I was informed, is included in the souvenir which was released at the inaugural function of the conference on 27th December, 2009.

Under intimation to the organizers I have already posted the said article on my web-site for the benefit of all viewers and advocates in particular, who participated in the conference could debate over the issues raised in this article in a meaningful manner, if they had read the contents of the article beforehand.  

As this communication was only in draft and had not been finalised and as I could not delay posting the article titled ‘Judicial Accountability’ on my site, I had to post the article on the site with a brief introduction, indicating therein that I will give more details a little later!  Well the intervening winter vacation for the High Court and I being away from Bangalore since 27th of December and having remained at KOCHI upto 3rd of the first month of the year 2010, this communication meant to be on the site along with the article ‘Judicial Accountability’ is being finalized only now and is posted on my site, so that some better information is made available to the people and the media and speculative misreporting in the Press and visual media is avoided/reduced.  However, I do greatly appreciate the role of the media particularly the print media in educating our people, in creating awareness amongst the citizens about the happenings in the society.

Print and visual media have a great influence in not only creating awareness amongst the people of the country but also in guiding and orienting public opinion.  Media can play the most important role for bringing about positive changes in the society.  I hope and wish the persons involved in the print and visual media measure upto this great responsibility, play their role in a meaningful manner and fulfil the expectation of our people.

This communication is still relevant as on date, as unfortunately things have not changed much on the Administrative side of the functioning of the High Court of Karnataka with Chief Justice P D Dinakaran continuing to wield powers of a Chief Justice of an High Court on the administrative side even though the sitting arrangements for Judges of the High Court after the winter vacation, when the High Court resumes normal Judicial work, indicates that Chief Justice P D Dinakaran will not be sitting on the Bench.

Judges job is to resolve disputes and to decide cases that come up before them in accordance with the relevant law of the land by applying that law to the fact situation prevailing in the case.

 

This function requires a proper understanding of the fact situation as presented by the parties before the court (trial) and after appreciating the supporting material (the evidence produced by the parties to the case) by applying the relevant law, which in turn calls for a clear understanding of the law on the part of the judge, to decide the case accordingly. 

 

There is absolutely no question of judges taking upsides either based on personalities or based on policies. Policy of a judge is only to follow and apply the relevant law and to render the judgment which automatically emerges once the fact situation is clear in the mind of the judge and the judge is conversant with the precise law applicable to the situation. If at all a judge take sides, it is on the side of the right and against the wrong.

 

A judge does not say what is right or what is wrong but the law says that.

 

Judges do not fight either a cause or a person. If it is said that a judge is fighting with any one, it sends a wrong message. My article and communications are not oriented against any individual.

 

A, B, C, D, etc. …… holding any particular position at any particular point of time, is not relevant and a person occupying the position being incidentally a person in respect of whom issues raised in my articles and communications are applicable is incidental and that will not make any difference to the communication.

 

A judge or a Chief Justice not functioning on the judicial side should also refrain from exercising any administrative power incidental to the post of a judge is an universally accepted basic tenet. My articles and communications only reiterates this elementary principle which even a beginner of a lawyer practicing on the service side of the legal profession is aware of.

 

The articles and communications I have put on the net are all issue based and are all only an attempt to improve the judicial system and is not directed against any individual. Issues raised in my articles and communications are not matters for politicization nor for seeking any support from any individual.

 

The article and communications are only meant to create better awareness amongst the litigant public and the people of this country for whom the judicial system is provided for and the judicial system, effectuated through courts is made functional through judges with the assistance of lawyers and for the service of litigant public.

 

There is no place for rhetoric, passions, groupism, agendas or policies or even for politics in the judicial system. This position must be borne in mind.

I may sound repetitive many a times it is said “old habits die hard” and resorting to repetition is a legacy of my teaching days, when I used to repeat the same teachings twice, thrice so that all students can understand the lessons. For many once may be sufficient for some students one repetition was sufficient or needed and for few others two repetitions could make them understand. Well,  that is the secret “Old habits die hard”.   Judges come and go.  But, the courts remain.  The institution of judiciary remains and should remain.

Before taking leave of you, for the present, I have to once again impress upon everyone including the media that I have not been able to respond individually to any one of you and this will be the position so long as I am a sitting judge of the high court. My request to all of you is to bear with me for my present inability, which is my professional requirement.

          With regards and my good wishes for the New Year.

 

 

By

Justice D V Shylendra Kumar

Judge, High Court of Karnataka,

Bangalore

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shylendra kumar,
Jan 4, 2010 9:00 AM