Writing in Egypt goes back to the earliest writing anywhere. Nobody really knows yet whether the Egyptians figured out how to write for themselves, or whether they learned it from the Sumerians, who also began writing about the same time, about 3000 BC. The Egyptian form of writing, hieroglyphs, does not look the same or work the same as the Sumerian form of writing, cuneiform. So if they did get the idea from the Sumerians, the Egyptians certainly changed it a lot.

What we have left of Egyptian writing, like Egyptian art, mostly comes out of tombs. Because of this, most of what we have left is prayers (because that is the kind of thing you put in people's tombs). Other writing like laws, letters to your mom, and lists of who gave their fair share to the temple mostly has rotted away, over the years. We don't know whether the Egyptians wrote novels or stories, but if they did then these stories have also rotted away. Probably they didn't write much literature, or some of it would have been saved.