VishnuSahasranama - Meaning
iishvaro Who is the Lord of Laksmi (I) and Vayu (sva)
vikramii Who is ever victorious and who has no difference between His mularupa and avataras
dhanvii Who weilds the blow
medhaavii Who is the most intelligent
vikramaH Who measured the universe with His feet
kramaH Who takes different avataras successively
anuttamo To whom there is no superior
duraadharshhaH Who cannot be confronted (nor His orders Scriptures)
kR^itaGyaH Who reminds the soul of actions performed by it, who remembers always the actions performed by devotees, by Whom the jivas are brought into creation
kR^itir Who inspires all efforts
atmavaan Whose body undergoes no change at any time
surESaH SaraNaM Sarma viSvarEtAH prajABavaH |
ahaH saMvatsarO vyAlaH pratyayassarvadarSanaH || 10 ||
suresaH- Who is the Lord of suras (devas)
sharaNaM Who is the refuge of all
sharma Who removes inauspiciousness at all times
vishvaretaaH Who is the originator of the Universe (bhuvanasya reto visnuh)
prajaabhavaH Who has no birth and yet Who is the originator of all else
ahaH Who is always different from the jivas (jivo hah sa na bhavati iti ahah)
sa.nvatsaro in whom all else live (samvatsarah atra iti)
vyaalaH Who takes upon as His duty to fulfil the desires of His devotees
pratyayaH Who is of the essence of knowledge (pratyayo jnanarupah)
sarvadarshanaH Who sees simultaneously all things
ajaH sarvESvaraH siddhaH siddhiH sarvAdiracyutaH |
vRuShAkapiramEyAtmA sarvayOgavinissRutaH || 11 ||
ajaH Who is the unborn
sarveshvaraH Who is the Lord of All
siddhaH Who is ever ready to protect His devotees
siddhiH Who has the matchless beautiful form (niratisaya rupavat siddhih)
sarvaadih Who is sought by all
acyutaH Who has no change in space, time and qualities (desatah kalato gunatasca cyuti rahitatvat)
Vr^ishhaakapira Who rains bliss on His devotees
ameyaatmaa Who cannot be known completely (Sakalyena jnatum asakya svarupah)
sarvayogaviniHsR^itaH From whom all means are derived.
vasurvasumanAH satyaH samAtmA saMmitaH samaH |
amOGaH puMDarIkAkShO vRuShakarmA vRuShAkRutiH || 12 ||
vasur Who is omnipresent and gives knowledge to all
vasumanaH Who accepts anything offered with devotion
satyaH Who inspires auspicious activities
samaatmaa. Who is always with Laksmi (ma) and Chaturmukha (atma)
asaMmitaH Who is known through the right authorities (Pramana)
samaH Who is the same in all (Sarvatra Sarva Rupesu Samatvat)
amoghaH Whose creation is useful
puNDariikaaksho Whose third eye is fire (Narasimha)
vR^ishhakarmaa Whose actions are beneficial to all
vR^ishaakR^itiH Whose form is always full
> > >12. vasurvasumanaH satyaH samaatmaa.asaMmitaH samaH .
> > >amoghaH puNDariikaaksho vR^ishhakarmaa vR^ishhaakR^itiH ..
> > >amoghaH - Whose creation is useful
> > Why are the straight-forward meanings to words like, 'amoghaH' (wonderful),
> > puNDarIkAksha (lotus-eyed) not preferred? It is possible that the above given meanings are derivable through different dhAtu combinations, but there has to be some reason why these are preferred?
> I am not sure about the suggested meaning of the latter word,
I don't know if the given ones are preferred. But they kindle our thinking process.
As mentioned in Sumadhvavijaya,
syAt.h tathetthamapi sambhavitArthastryarthatAM shrutiShu vitta dashArtham.h |
bhArataM nanu shatArthamapi syAdvaiShNavaM padasahasratayaM hi || VI-4||
(Shruti statements have 3 meanings, Bharata has 10 meanings and each word in Sri Vishnusahasranama has 100 meanings.)
All the meanings are derived from different dhatus and based on some pramanas.
It is well known that Sri Hari is sarvashabdavachya. Some times, one may ask if "trinetra" (three eyed) can be applied to Sri Hari. Certainly it can be. Here is the explanation for that. In the "Narasimha" incarnation, Sri Hari has "agni" as His third eye. (Among many meanings of the word, pundarika also means agni or fire).
In the book compiled by Sri Vidyamanyaru, it is said:
"puNDarIko.agniH sa evAxi tR^itIyaM yasya nR^isimhasya saH"
Acharya said in Nakhastuti:
"yadroshhotkaradakShanetrakuTilaH prAntotthitA.agni sphurat.h |
khadyotopamavisphuliN^gabhasitA brahmeshashakrotkarAH || 2||"
"One whose furious wink of the right eye emits agni or fire in which gods like Brahma, Rudra and Indra burn".
There are other meanings also like:
1. "hR^idayAkhyaM puNDarIkaM axNoti vyApnotiiti puNDarIkAxaH"
"One who pervades in the lotus like heart"
2. "puNDarIkaM paraM dhAma axNoti vyApnotiiti puNDarIkAxaH"
"puNDarIka means vaikuNTha. One who pervades it"
3. "puNDarIkamiva raktapadmamiva axiNI yasya saH puNDarIkAxaH"
"One whose eyes are like red lotus flower"
4. "puNDarIkaM agniM axNoti vyApnotiiti puNDarIkAxaH"
"puNDarIka means agni. One who pervades it (in the name of pAvaka)"
5. "puNDarIkanAmakamunau axi kR^ipAdR^ishhTiryasyeti"
"One whose kR^ipAdR^ishhTi lies in the sage named puNDarIka"
For the sake of purity, the name puNDarIkAxaH is recited.
"apavitraH pavitro vA sarvAvasthAM gato.api vA
yaH smaret.h puNDarIkAxaM sa bAhyAntaraH shuchiH"
> but `amogha' does not mean "wonderful." It is to be derived as the opposite of `mogha' (a-mogha), i.e., that which is not of the quality of `mogha' is `amogha'.
The reason for the confusion: If one says "the flower is beautiful", it does not imply that the flower means beautiful. Same way, "amogha" quality is wonderful (which does not have to imply "amogha" means wonderful).
mogha means vyartha or nirarthaka. Thus amogha means that which never becomes vyartha.
> The word `mogha' itself is given the following four meanings by Apte:
> (i) vain, (ii) aimless, (iii) left, and (iiii) idle.
The interesting thing is all these meanings can converge in one. For ex. "when it is said 'rAmasya sharamamoghaM' (Rama's arrow is amogha)"
It never goes in vain. It has a pefect aim. It does not abandon its laxya. It is not idle (or it has tremendous energy).
Other meanings for amogha:
1. "One whose wish, thought, word or act can never be nirarthaka (in vain)"
Thus He is called "satyakAma, satyasaN^kalpa, satyavAk.h, satyacheshhTaH".
2. This is the meaning given in original posting. Let us analyze how it is derived. If mogha means nirarthaka, amogha will mean sArthaka.
"jagat.h amoghayati saphalaM karotiiti amoghaH"
"One who makes this universe useful (or is the cause of this useful universe)".
3. "muktAtmanAM saN^kalpaM kAmaM vA amoghayati saphalaM karotiiti amoghaH"
"One who renders the wishes of the muktas fruitful".
4. "chaturmukhasya vachanaM amoghayati saphalaM karotiiti amoghaH"
"One who renders the words of chaturmukha (brahma) fruitful".
Regards,
Keshava Rao
> Shrisha Rao
>
> > Krishna
rudrO bahuSirA baBrurviSvayOniH SuciSravAH |
amRutaH SASvataH sthANurvarArOhO mahAtapAH || 13 ||
rudro (rujam dravayate) who destroys the anguish of His devotees
bahushiraa Who has many heads
babhru Who bears and supports the world
vishvayoniH Who is the origin of universe
shuchishravaaH Who has unsullied fame
amR^itaH Who supports Anantasana (Anantasanamadharatvena yasya so’mrtah)
shaash{}vatash Who is the Lord of even the liberated ones
sthaaNuh Who resides in all
varaaroho Who has unexcellable vehicle as well as limbs
mahaatapaaH Who has unrivalled wisdom
sarvagaH sarvavidBAnurviShvaksEnO janArdanaH |
vEdO vEdavidavyaMgO vEdAMgO vEdavit kaviH || 14 ||
sarvagaH Who is all pervasive
sarvavid Who teaches all (sarvam vedayatyiti)
bhaanur Who shines ever
vishvak{}seno Whose armies can march in all directions
janaardanaH Who puts an end to repeated births of his devotees
vedo Who bestows knowledge
vedavid Who knows the Vedas
avyaN^go Who has perfect limbs at all times (Vikalango na bhavatiti)
vedaaN^go Who has Goddess Lakshmi in His Heart
vedavit.h Who bestows Vedic knowledge on the devotees
kaviH. Who is eternally praiseworthy
lOkAdhyakShaH surAdhyakShO dharmAdhyakShaH kRutAkRuta: |
caturAtmA caturvyUhaScaturdaMShTraScaturBujaH || 15 ||
lokaadhyakshaH (Prakasarupatvat loko-adhyakso-adhipatih) - Whose form is effulgence and who is the Lord of all effulgent forms.
suraadhyaksho Who is the leader of the devas
dharmaadhyaksha.H Who is the Lord of Dharma righteous activity
kR^ittakR^itaH. Who is not bound by His actions
chaturaatmaa Who is the controller of even Chaturmukha Brahma
chaturvyuuhash Who has the four vyuha forms of Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Prayumna and Aniruddha
chaturda.nshhTrash Who displayed the fierce form with four protruding teeth as Narasimha
chaturbhujaH.. Who is the bestower of four purusarthas Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksa
BrAjiShNurBOjanaM BOktA sahiShNurjagadAdijaH |
anaGO vijayO jEtA viSvayOniH punarvasuH || 16 ||
bhraajishhNuh One who is of pure luminosity
bhojanaM The Lord who enjoys prakriti and maya (ie. Under his control). He is an object of enjoyment Himself.
bhok{}tas He is called Bhokta since He is the enjoyer of Prakriti
sahishhNuh He is the suppressor of Asuras like Hiranyaksah
jagadaadijaH One who takes the form of Hiranyagarbah at the beginning of creation
anagho Who is without sin
vijayo Who has the mastery over the entire cosmos by virtue of his six special excellences known as Bhagas
jetaa Who is naturally superior to all beings
visvayoniH The Origin and Source of the Universe
punarvasuH.. One who dwells again and again in the bodies of jivas
Another Set of Meanings for Verse No.16:
bhraajishhNuh Who is self luminous.
bhojanaM Who sustains everything.
bhok{}tas Who enjoys the essence of everything.
sahishhNuh Who bears the shortcomings of devotees.
jagadaadijaH Who is the originator of even Brahma.
anagho Who is ever the sinless.
vijayo Who is ever the victorious.
jetaa Whose very essence is victory.
visvayoniH (vinaa garudena savati iti visuh visusca asau ayonisca One who goes about without Garuda and who has no origin)
punarvasuH.. Who rains wealth on His devotees again and a
upEMdrO vAmanaH prAMSuramOGaH SucirUrjitaH |
atIMdraH saMgrahaH sargO dhRutAtmA niyamO yama: || 17 ||
upendro Greater than Indra
vaamanaH One who has to be devoutly worshipped
praa.nshu One of great height (reference to Vamana and Mahabali story)
amoghaH One whose acts do not fail
shuchi One who purifies those who adore and praise Him
uurjitaH One of infinite strength
atiindraH One superior to Indra due to his inherent attributes of omnipotence, omniscience etc.
sa.ngrahaH One who reduces everything to their subtle condition and holds them within Himself.
Sargo One who is the cause of creation
dhR^itaatmaa One who is Unchanged (expl. Without the transformation involved in birth and death)
niyamo One who appoints His creatures in particular stations.
yamaH .. One who regulates, being within.
Another Set of Meanings
17. upendro vaamanaH praa.nshuramoghaH shuchiruurjitaH .
atiindraH sa.ngrahaH sargo dhR^itaatmaa niyamo yamaH ..
upendro Who has Indra for his younger brother
vaamanaH Who leads all the beautiful entities (vamani sundaravastuni nayatiti)
praa.nshur Who has the tallest form as shown in Trivikrama avatara (triviktramena rupena unnatatvat)
amoghaH Whose resolve is never infructous
shuchir Who is purity absolute
uurjitaH .- Who creates those who feed others
atiindraH Who ever surpasses Indra
sa.ngrahaH Who attracts His devotees
sargo From Whom the planets derieve their strength
dhR^itaatmaa Who sustains all souls
niyamo Having no controller for Himself, controls all
yamaH ..- Who is the inner ruler of even the god of death.
vEdyO vaidyaH sadAyOgI vIrahA mAdhavO madhuH |
atIMdriyO mahAmAyO mahOtsAhO mahAbalaH || 18 ||
vedyo One to be known by those aspiring for Moksha
vaidyaH One knowing all vidyas
sadaayogii One ever exeperiencable, being ever existent
viirahaa One who destroys powerful asuras to protect Dharma
maadhavo One who is the Lord or Master of Ma or knowledge
madhuH . Amrita (honey), because He gives joy like honey
atiindriyo One who is beyond the ken of senses (not knowable through senses)
mahaamaayo One who controls Maya. Greater than the greatest illusionists.
Mahotsaaho One ever busy in the work of creation, sustenance and dissolution.
mahaabalaH .. The strongest among those who have strength
Another set of meanings
vedyo - Who alone is fit to be known
vaidyaH Who is the greatest of Doctors, for he heals the greatest of ailments, bhavaroga the misery of samsara
sadaayogii Who is ever in meditation as in Kapila and other forms
viirahaa Who deserts the haters of Vayu (vigata iro vayuh yebhyah te)
maadhavo Who never trembles before others
madhuH . Who has the eternal form of bliss
atiindriyo Who is ever beyond the reach of senses
mahaamaayo Whose will is final (mahati maya iccha yasya)
mahotsaaho Whose enthusiasm is ever ebullient
mahaabalaH ..- Whose strength is ever unsurpassed.
mahAbuddhirmahAvIryO mahASaktirmahAdyutiH |
anirdESyavapuH SrImAnamEyAtmA mahAdridhRuk || 19 ||
mahaabuddhir The wisest among the wise
mahaaviiryo The most powerful one.
mahaaviiryo One with the greatest strength and skill
mahaadyutiH .- One intensely brilliant, within and without.
anirdeshyavapuH One who cannot be objectively known
shriimaan One endowed with greatness of every kind
ameyaatmaa Whose intelligence cannot be measured by any one.
mahaadridhR^ik.h .. One who held up the great mountain Mandara at the time of churning of the milk ocean and also Goverdhana in His Krishna incarnation.
Mahaabuddhir Whose understanding is perfect and unsurpassed
mahaaviiryo Whose potency is unsurpassed
mahaasaktih Whose power is unsurpassed
mahaadyutiH . Whose effulgence is unsurpassed
anirdeshyavapuH Whose form none can comprehend in definite terms
completely
shriimaan Who controls even Lakshmi
ameyaatmaa - Whose essence none can know completely
mahaadridhR^ik.h ..- Who lifted the mountain Mandhara / Goverdhana effortlessly
mahEShvAsO mahIBartA SrInivAsaH satAM gatiH |
aniruddhaH surAnaMdO gOviMdO gOvidAM patiH || 20 ||
maheshhvaaso One Who has a great bow
mahiibhartaa One who held up the earth submerged in pralaya waters
shriinivaasaH One on whose chest the Goddess Sri, eternal in nature, dwells
sataaM gatiH . One who bestows the highest destiny attainable to all holy men
aniruddhaH One who has never been obstructed by any one or anything from manifesting its various forms
suraanando One who bestows joy on all divinities
govindo means words. He pervades all words giving them power. Hence, sages call him Govinda
govidaaM patiH .. "Go" - means words. One who knows them is Govind. He who is the master of words is indicated by this name.
Another Set Meanings from Dharmaprakash Journal for Sloka 19 & 20
.
maheshhvaaso Whose will cannot be opposed
mahiibhartaa Who is the Lord of the Universe
shriinivaasaH In whom Sri Goddess Lakshmi resides always
sataaM gatiH Who is the goal of those who always desire bliss.
aniruddhaH Who is never upset by anybody
suraanando (su shobana jnanam rati dadatyanandayati ca iti)
Who bestows right knowledge and makes His devotees enjoy bliss.
govindo Who pleases the Cows, the Universe, and those who follow the
vedas
govidaaM patiH Who is the Lord of those who rightly understand the
Vedic message.
marIcirdamanO haMsaH suparNO BujagOttamaH |
hiraNyanABaH sutapAH padmanABaH prajApati: || 21 ||
mariichi Who destroys the darkness of ignorance
damano Who destroyed the asura named Damana and who is the favourite
of those who have ‘dama’ Self Control.
ha.nsaH (dosahinatvat ham saratvat sah humsasau sasca
hamsah) Who is faultless and also the motivator of all
suparNo Who is of bliss-form
bhujagottamaH . For whom the best of serpents sesa
is the bed
hiraNyanaabhaH Who destroyed the asura Hiranya by name
sutapaaH (pa raksana ityatah sutam caturmukham patiti)
Who always protects Chaturmukha Brahma
padmanaabhaH (padam baghavatasvarupam manyata ita padmana
bhavadbhaktah tan prati abhati it) Who shines favourably on the
devotees who know His true form.
prajaapatiH .. Who is the Lord of Creation
amRutyuH sarvadRuksiMhaH saMdhAtA saMdhimAn sthiraH |
ajO durmarShaNaH SAstA viSrutAtmA surArihA || 22 ||
amR^ityuH Who has no death at any time
sarvadR^ik.h Who sees everything at all times
si.nhaH Who is Supreme
sa.ndhaataa Who reconciles and protects
sandhimaan.h Who makes up with the devotees after forgiving their
faults, as in case of Sugriva and Vibheesana
sthiraH .- Who is beginingless and eternal
ajo Who is never born
durmarshhaNaH Who cannot be borne by anybody
shaastaa Who alone is the lawgiver of all
vishrutaatmaa Who has shown His form to devotees who praise Him,
knowing His Majesty
suraarihaa .. Who destroys the enemies of the gods
gururgurutamO dhAmaH satyaH satyaparAkramaH |
nimiShO&nimiShaH sragvI vAcaspatirudAradhIH || 23 ||
guruH- Who holds all knowledge in His control
gurutamo Who is the first among Perceptors
dhaamaH Who has the form of effulgence
satyah Who inspiries good thoughts and actions
satyaparaakramaH .- Whose valour is true at all times
nimishho. Who controls time
animishhaH Who is always favourable to His devotees
sragvii Who wears the ever victorious Vaijayanti garland always
vaachaspati Who is the Lord of the Vedas
rudaaradhiiH (utkrsta dara ramaa tasya dhih yasmat iti) Who controls the mind of even His incomparable consort Ramadevi.
agraNIrgrAmaNIH SrImAn nyAyO nEtA samIraNaH |
sahasramUrdhA viSvAtmA sahasrAkShaH sahasrapAt || 24 ||
agraNiir Who leads all the rest
graamaNiiH Who inspires all sentient beings
shriimaan.h Who is ever adored by Goddess Lakshmi
nyaayo Who always bestows His grace on others
netaa Who bestows deserving fruits of actions of all
samiiraNaH . (samirasya vayoh nah sukham yasmat) Who bestows bliss on Vayu
sahasra muurdhaa Who has infinite heads
vishvaatmaa Who controls the Universe
sahasraakshaH Who has infinite eyes
sahasrapaat.h .. Who has infinite feet
25. aavartano nivR^ittaatmaa sa.nvR^itaH saMpramardanaH .
ahaH sa.nvartako vanhiranilo dharaNiidharaH ..
aavartano Who has the supreme righteous bearing
nivR^ittaatmaa To whom all souls return in deluge
sa.nvR^itaH Who possesses all auspicous attributes
saMpramardanaH .- Who ruthlessly destroys the asuras
ahaH - (na jahati bhaktan iti ahah) Who never lets down His
devotees
sa.nvartako (samvartate jagat atra iti) in Whom the Universe
revolves
vanhir Who sustains the world at all times
anilo (na vidyate ila bhumih adharabhuta yasyeti) for whom
the world is not the support (The Lord supports the world and not vice versa)
dharaNiidharaH .. Who lifted the Universe (as in the Varaha avatara)
26. suprasaadaH prasannaatmaa vishvadhR^igvishvabhugvibhuH .
satkartaa satkR^itaH saadhurjanhurnaaraayaNo naraH ..
suprasaadaH (sobhano moksajanakibhutah prasado yasyeti) Who
is the originator of the Grace that bestows moksha
prasannaatmaa Whose mind is ever well disposes
vishvadhR^ig Who supports the Universe
vishvabhug Who consumes the Universe at deluge
vibhuH .- Who pervades the Universe
satkartaa Who ever performs effortlessly satah satyasya
jagatah karteti va Who creates the real world.
satkR^itaH Whose acts are real
saadhur sadanoti parakaryamiti Who helps others to attain
their ends
janhur - Who lets down their evil doers
naaraayaNo Who is the locus of all auspicious attributes who
is not the locus of any defect
naraH .. Who does not undergo any modifications at any time.
Notes on Verse No.26
The word 'Narayana' occurs in Sloka 26. Sri Bidarahalli Srinivasacharya in
his work ‘Narayana Shabdartha’ has given the following 72 meanings
to the word ‘Narayana’. The word ‘Narayana’ means:
1. Is full of auspicious attributes.
2. Is devoid of all blemishes.
3. Is the object of knowledge.
4. Is the refuge of all released souls.
5. Does the creation, subsistence, dissolution, order, enlightenment,
nescience, bondage and absolution of human beings.
6. Is saluted by human beings.
7. Is the most beloved of Mukhyapranadeva.
8. Is expounded by all the vedas.
9. Is the instrument of knowledge of Mukhya vayu deva.
10. Is addressed by the names of all the devatas.
11. Is present in the human body if and only if Mukhyaprana is present.
12. Dwells inside the Brahmanda which is the body of Brahmadeva.
13. Is present inside the world created by Brahmadeva.
14. Possesses Svetadwipa, Ananthasana, and Vaikunta as His three abodes.
15. Dwells in the waters created by Himself earlier.
16. Dwells in Suryamandala.
17. Is present in the lotus like hearts of the devotees.
18. Has Garuda as his vahana.
19. Reclines on Seshadeva.
20. Cannot be known by the defiled.
21. Has Mahalakshmi, the mother of Mukhyaprana as His servant.
22. Supports Bhudevi.
23. Gives enjoyment to Muktas.
24. Is related to all jnanis and Mukhyavayu as son, brother and friend.
25. Bestows the desires of human beings.
26. Reclines on the Vatapatra, a form of Sridevi.
27. Supports the Brahmanda from outside by assuming the form of Kurma.
28. Assumes the Kurma form to support the kurma form assumed by Mukhyaprana
to support sesadeva.
29. Is different from all jivas and matter, devoid of all blemishes,
superior to all released souls, destroyer of all defects of His devotees and full of
all auspicous attributes.
30. Possesses knowledge which is eternal, changeless, and independent.
31. Destroys the linga sarira of jnanis in the Viraja river.
32. Is the object of the minds of jnanis.
33. Follows the jnanis.
34. Enters the body of Brahmadeva.
35. Is beyond the mind of wicked people.
36. Dwells in hell as the preraka of sinners.
37. Dwells in heaven as the preraka of the virtous.
38. Makes Varuna and Candra to enter Aniruddha; Aniruddha to enter Manmatha;
Manmatha to enter Varuni and Varuni to enter Sesadeva; also Agni and Surya
to enter Brhaspati; Brhaspati to enter Indra, Indra to enter Sauparni and
Sauparni to enter Garuda during Pralaya.
39. Destroys His enemies with His Chakra and other weapons.
40. Makes the water lying outside Brahmanda to enter it.
41. Supports the lotus born of Him.
42. Supports the fourteen worlds.
43. Is the originator of the three states Jagrat, Svapna and
Susupti.
44. Is present in the eye, mind and heart as Visva, Taijasa and Prajna.
45. Combines His avatara rupas like Rama with His mula rupa on completion of
avatara.
46. Gave protection to Prahalada in Narasimhavatara.
47. Supported Hanuman in Ramavatara.
48. Supported Bhimasena in Krishnavatara.
49. Supported Srimad Anandatirtha in Vedavyasavatara.
50. Dwells in the eight Vyasamustis.
51. Is present in eaters as Pradyumna and Sankarsana.
52. Is present in edibles as Aniruddha and Narayana.
53. Creates space by digesting the food taken by human beings.
54. Is always present in saligrama.
55. Is present in the idols like those of Sri Ranganatha.
56. Supported Arjuna in Krishnavatara.
57. Is the friend of Arjuna and the supporter of the earth.
58. Is the object of aparoksha jnana and destroys prarabdha, anista punya
and papa karmas.
59. Destroys the blemishes of the virtuous and who is the most powerful one.
60. Brings blemishes to the wicked, Himself being blissful.
61. Manifests bliss to the virtuous in mukti.
62. Gives happiness in svarga for those performing yajna according to their
karmas.
63. Gives eternal hell to Kali.
64. Denies happiness to daityas, originates pralaya, and is known by Brahma
and other devas.
65. Is devoid of blemishes, supeior to all, jnanarupi and is attained by all
released souls.
66. Is devoid of all blemishes, gives happiness to the virtuous and enables
them to reach Him.
67. Is full of bliss and not to be attained by the wicked.
68. Is the pralaya karta, denies pleasure to daityas, is full of enjoyment
and bliss, and possesses the correct knowledge.
69. Bestows mukti through Guru.
70. Gives fruits to jivas according to their karma.
71. Eats the fruits of the virtuous acts of human beings.
72. Gives pleasure to the female form of the released Brahmadeva.
(English translation of the 72 meanings by Shri.K. Narasimhan, Tirunelveli,
in his article ‘Narayana Sabdartha’ Vol-6, No.10,
Dharmaprakash, June 1977)
27. asa.nkhyeyo.aprameyaatmaa vishishhTaH shishhTakR^ich{}chhuchiH .
siddhaarthaH siddhasa.nkal{}paH siddhidaH siddhisaadhanaH ..
asa.nkhyeyo. Whose attributes are countless
aprameyaatmaa Whose essence and glory cannot be comprehended
completely
vishishhTaH Who transcends Brahma and others
shishhTakR^ich Who alone gives completion for works
{}chhuchiH Who is ever pure absolutely
siddhaarthaH Who fulfils the sadhana of devotees
siddhasa.nkal{}paH Whose resolve is firm for conferring boons on
devotees
siddhidaH Who confers fulfilment to devotees
siddhisaadhanaH .. Who bestows the means and liberation on devotees.
28. vshhaahii vR^ishhabho vishhNurvR^ishhaparvaa vR^ishhodaraH .
vardhano vardhamaanash{}cha vivik{}taH shrutisaagaraH ..
vshhaahii Who is enveloped by Dharma
vR^ishhabho Who shines by His steadfastness to Dharma
vishhNur Who cannot be seen by others without His desire
vR^ishhaparvaa Who is seen only by the meritorious
vR^ishhodaraH Who made the pure Ganga flow from His feet (in
Trivikramavatara)
vardhano Who makes His devotees grow in sadhana
vardhamaanash{}cha Who has no growth at any time
vivik{}taH Who is different from the Universe at all times
shrutisaagaraH .. Who is described by the Scriptures as an
extensive ocean of auspicious attributes.
29. subhujo durdharo vaagmii mahendro vasudo vasuH .
naikaruupo bR^ihadruupaH shipivishhTaH prakaashanaH ..
subhujo Who makes others enjoy happiness
durdharo Who cannot be borne by anyone else
vaagmii Whose form is described in the Vedas
mahendro Whose powers cannot be excelled
vasudo Who pervades and makes His presence felt in each being and in
each place
vasuH . Who is everywhere
naikaruupo Who has manifold forms
bR^ihadruupaH Who has stupendous forms
shipivishhTaH Who is of the form as inspirer of fire in firewood
(sami)
prakaashanaH .. Who bestows the lustre on others
30. ojastejodyutidharaH prakaashaatmaa prataapanaH .
R^idvaH spashhTaaksharo mantrash{}chandraa.nshurbhaaskaradyutiH ..
ojastejodyutidharaH Who sustains the being, the power, and the
luminosity of all
prakaashaatmaa Whose nature is luminosity
prataapanaH .- Who illumines the Universe residing in and inspiring the sun
R^idvaH Who is ever perfect
spashhTaaksharo Who is the clear import of all scriptural statements
mantrash{} Who enables the devotees to meditate on Him
chandraa.nshur From whom the moon derieves its light
bhaaskaradyutiH .. From whom the sun gets its effulgence
31. amR^itaaMshuudbhavo bhaanuH shashabinduH sureshvaraH .
aushhadhaM jagataH setuH satyadharmaparaakramaH ..
amR^itaaMshuudbhavo Who gives nectarine bliss in the form of
Dhanvantri
bhaanuH Who is ever luminous
shashabinduH - Who bestows jnana on aspiring souls, Himself remaining ever
as Supreme Bliss
sureshvaraH . - Who shines forth and devours the universe at deluge
aushhadhaM Who alone is the bestower of relief for the three
ailments (ustanam tapatraya dagdhanam asrayatvat ausadam)
jagataH setuH Who alone is the bridge for the souls to cross the
samsara
satyadharmaparaakramaH .. Who is the abode of the visible as well as
the invisible and the support of the Universe and who shines in His
resplendent glory (murtamurtajagadasrayatvat satyah dharakatvat dharmah,
parak ramata iti parakramah)
32. bhuutabhavyabhavannaathaH pavanaH paavano.analaH .
kaamahaa kaamakR^it{}kaantaH kaamaH kaamapradaH prabhuH ..
bhuutabhavyabhavannaathaH Who is adored by devotees suffering in
samsara
pavanaH Who protects Kings and bestows prosperity on them
paavano. Who tests and purifies his devotees
analaH . (anam-mukhyaprananam-lati-bhaktatvena iti) Who
fondles bhagavan Vayu for his pure devotion
kaamahaa Who destroys evil desires
kaamakR^it Who fulfils the desires of true devotees
{}kaantaH Who is the bestower of bliss on Brahma
kaamaH Who is longed for by devotees
kaamapradaH Who bestows favour on devotees
prabhuH .. Who exists, surpassing all, at all times.
33. yugaadikR^idyugaavarto naikamaayo mahaashanaH .
adR^ishyo vyak{}taruupash{}cha sahasrajidanantajit.h ..
yugaadikR^id Who initiates divisions of time into yugas and so on
yugaavarto Who rotates yuga time cycle
naikamaayo Who possesses astounding powers
mahaashanaH . Who devours all
adR^ishyo Who remains invisible
avyak{}taruupash{}cha Who has unmanifest forms
sahasrajid Who conquers hordes of asuras
anantajit.h .. Who subdues innumerable opposing foes
34. ishhTo.avishishhTaH shishhTeshhTaH shikhaNDii nahushho vR^ishhaH .
krodhahaa krodhakR^itkartaa vish{}vabaahurmahiidharaH ..
ishhTo. Who is the beloved to whom all sacrifices are offered
avishishhTaH Who remains the very same even in pralaya (deluge)
shishhTeshhTaH Who has for company, Ramadevi, in pralaya
shikhaNDii Who has the peacock feather for an ornament on His head
nahushho Who binds the asuras to eternal damnation
vR^ishhaH . Who rains welfare on devotees
krodhahaa Who destroys asuras who are anger - incarnate
krodhakR^it Who displays anger towards those given to evil deeds
kartaa Who is ever independent
vish{}vabaahur Who gives strength to Vayu’s shoulders
mahiidharaH .. Who bears the universe
35. achyutaH prathitaH praaNaH praaNado vaasavaanujaH .
apaaMnidhiradhishhThaanamapramattaH pratishhThitaH ..
#
achyutaH - One who is without the six transformations beginning with birth
prathitaH - One who is famous because of His works like creation, etc.,
praaNaH One who as Hiranyagarbah endows all beings with Prana
praaNado One who bestows Prana on Devas and Asuras and also destroys
them by withdrawing it.
vaasavaanujaH . One who was born as younger brother of Indra
(Vasava) in His incarnation as Vamana
apaaMnidhir The word means collectively of water or the Ocean. In
Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna says ‘Sarasam asmi sagarah’
among pools of water, I am Samudra or Ocean. The Lord is called by that name
because the Ocean is one of His special manifestations.
adhishhThaanam The seat or support for everything. Brahman, as the
material cause of everything, is their substance and support.
apramattaH One who is always vigilant in awarding the fruits of
actions to those who are entitled to them.
pratishhThitaH One who is supported and established in His own
greatness.
> 35. achyutaH prathitaH praaNaH praaNado vaasavaanujaH .
> apaaMnidhiradhishhThaanamapramattaH pratishhThitaH ..
>
> #
> achyutaH - One who is without the six transformations beginning with birth
> prathitaH - One who is famous because of His works like creation, etc.,
> praaNaH One who as Hiranyagarbah endows all beings with Prana
> praaNado One who bestows Prana on Devas and Asuras and also destroys
> them by withdrawing it.
> vaasavaanujaH . One who was born as younger brother of Indra
> (Vasava) in His incarnation as Vamana
> apaaMnidhir The word means collectively of water or the Ocean. In
> Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna says ‘Sarasam asmi sagarah’
> among pools of water, I am Samudra or Ocean. The Lord is called by that name
> because the Ocean is one of His special manifestations.
> adhishhThaanam The seat or support for everything. Brahman, as the
> material cause of everything, is their substance and support.
> apramattaH One who is always vigilant in awarding the fruits of
> actions to those who are entitled to them.
> pratishhThitaH One who is supported and established in His own
> greatness.
There are a couple of rather serious errors in the above. The quote
`sarasAmasmi sAgaraH' from the 'Gita is NOT saying that the Ocean is one
of the manifestations of the Lord -- indeed, such an idea is absurd on the
face of it because any body of water is insentient, and cannot be the same
as Him because of jaDeshvara-bheda.
The complete verse from the Bhagavad Gita is:
purodhasAM cha mukhyaM mAM viddhi pArtha bR^ihaspatim.h |
senAnInAmahaM skandaH sarasAmasmi sAgaraH || 10\.24 ||
What this is saying is: Know Me, Partha (mAM viddhi pArtha) to be as the
chief (mukhyaM) among the traditional priests (purodhasAM = purohitAnAM),
i.e., Brhaspati, the priest to the gods led by Indra. Likewise, among
leaders of armies know Me to be Skanda, the son of Rudra and the commander
of the gods' army, and among bodies of water, the Ocean.
The point therefore is not that the Ocean, or Skanda, or Brhaspati, are
particular manifestations of Krishna, but rather that just as they are
immensely superior members of their respective classes, Vishnu, as the
Supreme Being, is pre-eminent among all. This is a clear statement of
bheda, and of Hari-sarvottamatva.
The meaning given for `adhishhThAnam.h' is objectionable also: one does
not accept that Brahman, i.e., Vishnu, is the material cause of the world.
In the standard example of a pot's creation, the clay is the material
cause (upAdAna kAraNa), while the potter is the efficient cause (nimitta
kAraNa).
Brahman is only the efficient cause for the world, because (i) there is no
example of creation that could be given of one and the same entity being
both types of causes, and "creation" itself implies that the two cannot be
one and the same, unless "creation" is to be re-defined entirely along
unknown and unprovable lines; (ii) if Brahman were subject to modification
and decay for being the insentient world also, then He would be flawed,
contrary to Vedanta; and (iii) there are clear statements in the shaastra
against the notion proposed.
The word `adhishhThana' has a number of suitable meanings: residence,
abode, authority, power, etc.
Earlier, you had written:
> 28. vshhaahii vR^ishhabho vishhNurvR^ishhaparvaa vR^ishhodaraH .
> vardhano vardhamaanash{}cha vivik{}taH shrutisaagaraH ..
>
> vshhaahii Who is enveloped by Dharma
> vR^ishhabho Who shines by His steadfastness to Dharma
> vishhNur Who cannot be seen by others without His desire
[*chomp*]
I'm not sure how `vishhNu' is being given such a meaning.
In commenting upon the verse X-21 of the Bhagavad Gita, Srimad Ananda
Tiirtha cites two dhAtu-sUtra-s: `vishhLR^i vyAptau', and `visha
praveshane' -- thus, `vishhNu' can be either `sarvavyAptavAn.h'
(all-pervading), or `sarva-praveshavAn.h' (immanent in all).
The Acharya also cites Mahabharata 12\.328\.37-38 in defining `vishhNu'.
(Also see Sri Raghavendra's gloss upon this 'Gita verse.)
Regards,
Shrisha Rao
36. skandaH skandadharo dhuryo varado vaayuvaahanaH .
vaasudevo bR^ihadbhaanuraadidevaH purandaraH ..
skandaH Who descends from Vaikunta to protect His devotees
skandadharo Who supports Subrahmanya
dhuryo Who bears all burden
varado Who bestows liberation
vaayuvaahanaH . Who sustains breathing in souls
vaasudevo Who resides and pervades all objects
bR^ihadbhaanu Who illumines the suns
adidevaH Who is the Prime God
purandaraH .. Who destroys the mortal coils
37. ashokastaaraNastaaraH shuuraH shaurirjaneshvaraH .
anukuulaH shataavartaH padmii padmanibhekshaNaH ..
ashoka Who has no sorrow at any time
staaraNas Who fords the devotees across samsara Who resides
in the sun (taranimadhyantargatah)
taaraH - Who helps the devotees at all times
shuuraH Who bestows valour on devotees
shaurir Who has taken avatar as the son of sura - Vasudeva
janeshvaraH .- Who is ever the Lord of all souls as well as Sri
anukuulaH Who is ever helpful to devotees
shataavartaH Who directs the gods in their activities
padmii Who has the lotus in his hand
padmanibhekshaNaH .. Whose glances are comforting like the moonshine
38. padmanaabho.aravindaakshaH padmagarbhaH shariirabhR^it.h .
maharddhiriR^iddho vR^iddhaatmaa mahaaksho garuDadhvajaH ..
padmanaabho. Who has the lustre of the sun blossoming the lotuses
aravindaakshaH Whose eyes dispel darkness
padmagarbhaH Who has borne Brahma (padmah caturmukhah garbhe yasya
sah)
shariirabhR^it.h .- Who supports the changing Universe
maharddhiri Who is the most prosperous
R^iddho Who has knowledge and bliss in perfection
vR^iddhaatmaa Who is the inner ruler of four faced Brahma and others
mahaaksho Whose eyes comprehend everything
garuDadhvajaH .. Who has for his vehicle and banner, Garuda.
39. atulaH sharabho bhiimaH samayaGYo havirhariH .
sarvalakshaNalakshaNyo lakshmiivaan.h samiti.njayaH ..
atulaH Who has no compeer at any time
sharabho Who alone shines in the waters of deluge (sare pralayodake
bhatiti)
bhiimaH Who has and establishes valid knowledge
samayaGYo Who is always with Goddess Lakshmi and who knows the truth
of scriptures
havirhariH . Who alone receives the sacrificial oblations
sarvalakshaNalakshaNyo Who possesses all the cosmic powers in full
lakshmiivaan.h Who has Goddess Lakshmi, the perceiver of devotees
samiti.njayaH .. Who is ever victorious in war
40. viksharo rohito maargo heturdaamodaraH sahaH .
mahiidharo mahaabhaago vegavaanamitaashanaH ..
viksharo Who has no destruction at any time
rohito Who is of red complexion
maargo Who is the goal sought by the informed in scriptures
hetur Who is the primary cause of the Universe
daamodaraH Who is favourably disposed to bestow bliss on devotees
sahaH . Who bears all
mahiidharo Who is the support of the Universe
mahaabhaago- In whom the six cosmic qualities find fulfilment
vegavaan Who overtakes all else
amitaashanaH ..- Who consumes without limit
41. udbhavaH kshobhaNo devaH shriigarbhaH parameshvaraH .
karaNaM kaaraNaM kartaa vikartaa gahano guhaH ..
udbhavaH from Whom, Lord Siva was born and made greater than goddess
Parvati and others
kshobhaNo Who controls the sentient and insentient principles
devaH Who is sportive, adorable and the goal of all
shriigarbhaH (sriyo garbho yasmat iti)- Who bears even goddess
Lakshmi
parameshvaraH . Who protects and lords over goddess Lakshmi
karaNaM Who bestows strength and bliss
kaaraNaM Who is the origin of the Universe
kartaa Who does everything by Himself
vikartaa Who has no creator for Himself
gahano Whose depth none has surmised
guhaH .. Who hides Himself and us, from ourselves
42. vyavasaayo vyavasthaanaH sa.nsthaanaH sthaanado dhruvaH .
pararddhiH paramaspashhTastushhTaH pushhTaH shubhekshaNaH ..
vyavasaayo Whose will is eternal
vyavasthaanaH Who takes the jiva in all states of jagrat, svapna,
susupti and others.
sa.nsthaanaH Who establishes Pranadeva as controller of jivas
sthaanado Who bestows the respective status to respective jivas
dhruvaH . Who is ever existent
pararddhiH Who bestows understanding on others
parama Who is ever Supreme
spashhTas Who is ever clear
tushhTaH Who is ever satisfied
pushhTaH Who ever protects all
shubhekshaNaH ..- Whose glance assures auspiciousness on devotees
43. raamo viraamo virajo maargo neyo nayo.anayaH .
viiraH shak{}timataaM shreshhTho dharmo dharmaviduttamaH ..
raamo Who is the Lord of Ramadevi
viraamo Whose consort is uniquely beautiful
virajo Who is not tainted by the three gunas
maargo Who has the lion face as Narasimha
neyo Who corrects his disciples by enlightening them
nayo. Who is not led by any other, due to His Supremacy
anayaH .- Who sends Vayudeva to earth
viiraH Who sports in His knowledge
shak{}timataaM shreshhTho Who is strongest of the strong
dharmo Who bears the others
dharmavid Who knows the intracacies of dharma
uttamaH .. Who is ever Supreme
44. vaikuNThaH purushhaH praaNaH praaNadaH praNavaH pR^ithuH .
hiraNyagarbhaH shatrugh{}no vyaap{}to vaayuradhokshajaH ..
vaikuNThaH Who has the Vaikunta loka as His abode
purushhaH One Who is in the souls and controls them
praaNaH One Who is supreme to the liberated (anah muktah)
praaNadaH One Who nourishes the devotees and the supreme of them
too, Vayu.
praNavaH One Who leads the souls
pR^ithuH One Who is famous
hiraNyagarbhaH One Who has the universe in His womb
shatrugh{}no One Who destroys the enemies
vyaap{}to One Who is the beloved of Brahma and other deities
vaayur One Who sustains human life and carries it.
adhokshajaH ..- One Who is revealed to us by Hanuman (Adhoksah means the
destroyer of Aksa, the eldest son of Ravana).
45. R^ituH sudarshanaH kaalaH parameshhThii parigrahaH .
ugraH sa.nvatsaro daksho vishraamo vishvadakshiNaH ..
R^ituH He who shows His svarupa and the jiva’s svarupa
sudarshanaH He who weilds the discus, Sudharsana
kaalaH He who bestows the appropriate bliss on the jivas (according
to their svarupa yogyata)
parameshhThii He who lives in the heart of all beings
parigrahaH . He Who blesses the devotees (parin)
ugraH One who devours Rudra (u..) at the deluge
sa.nvatsaro One who is the source of happiness for Brahma and others
(samyak vatsaan brahmaadin ramayati)
daksho He who is efficient
vishraamo One Who has no fatigue
vishvadakshiNaH .. Who is an adept in respect of the creation of the
Universe
46. vistaaraH sthaavarasthaaNuH pramaaNaM biijamavyayam.h .
artho.anartho mahaakosho mahaabhogo mahaadhanaH ..
vistaaraH One who extends the Universe
sthaavara One to whom the ruler of Satyaloka (Brahma) and others are
subordinates
sthaaNuH the Inner Ruler of Rudra
pramaaNaM One Who is made known by the Supreme Instrument, Vedas.
biijamavyayam.h (avyayam bijam) the imperishable seed of all
beings
artho. He Who is made known by devotion.
anartho One Who punishes the evil minded (ayogyas)
mahaakosho One Who is beloved of Lakshmi
mahaabhogo - One Who has bliss as the great source of enjoyment.#
mahaadhanaH .. The possessor of great wealth
47. anirviNNaH sthavishhTho.abhuurdharmayuupo mahaamakhaH .
nakshatranemirnakshatrii kshamaH kshaamaH samiihanaH ..
anirviNNaH One Who is not without knowledge or bliss (niskanto
vinnabhyam jnanasukaabyam nirvinnaha, sa na bhavati)
sthavishhTho. The Supreme Immense
abhuur OneWho has no originator
dharmayuupo One Who is the protector and the sacrificial post to
which the devotees’ hearts are tied
mahaamakhaH One Who is great and has limitless bliss (na vidyate ma
mitiryasya amam. Amam kam yasya amakaha)
nakshatranemir The upholder of the stellar galaxies
nakshatrii The Controller of Kshatriyas
kshamaH The destroyer of all destruction
kshaamaH Who restored and rescued the Earth (from Demon
Hiranyakshah)
samiihanaH ..- One Who does not suffer while acting, any dimunition of His
powers or status in any loss, while functioning.
48. yaGYa ijyo mahejyash{}cha kratuH satraM sataaM gatiH .
sarvadarshii vimuk{}taatmaa sarvaGYo GYaanamuttamam.h ..
yaGYa The receiver of sacrifices
ijyo One Who deserves sacrifices performed by worshippers
mahejyash{}cha One who took the bow to win Sita at the svayamvaram
(mahe sitavivahotsave sitapraptyaijya bow - yasya saha)
kratuH One who performs creation and other acts
satraM One who protects the good souls
sataaM gatiH .- The goal of all good souls
sarvadarshii One who sees all
vimuk{}taatmaa One who liberates the souls from their bondage
sarvaGYo The omniscient
GYaanamuttamam.h .. The Supreme wisdom
49. suvrataH sumukhaH suukshmaH sughoshhaH sukhadaH suhR^it.h .
manoharo jitakrodho viirabaahurvidaaraNaH ..
suvrataH One who has taken the magnanimous vow to save all refuge
seekers
sumukhaH One with a pleasant face
suukshmaH One who is subtle because He is without any gross causes
like sound etc (He who is very subtle and has entered into everything).
sughoshhaH One whose auspicious sound is the Veda. Or, one who has
got a deep and sonourous sound like the clouds.
sukhadaH One who gives happiness to good people, or one who destroys
(dyati) the happiness of evil ones.
suhR^it.h . One who helps without looking for any return
manoharo One who attracts the mind by His incomparable blissful
nature.
jitakrodho One who has overcome anger; for if he kills asuras it is
only to establish the Vedic order of life and not out of anger. Asuras are
enemies of vedic order.
viirabaahur One whose arms are capable of heroic deeds as
demonstrated in his destruction of asuras for establishing vedic dharma.
vidaaraNaH ..- One who destroys those who live contrary to dharma.
50. svaapanaH svavasho vyaapii naikaatmaa naikakarmakR^it.h .
vatsaro vatsalo vatsii rat{}nagarbho dhaneshvaraH ..
svaapanaH One who enfolds the jiva in the sleep of ajnana
svavasho One who is dominated only by Himself, as He is the cause of
the whole cosmic process
vyaapii One who interpenetrates everything like Akasa
naikaatmaa One who manifests in different forms as the subsidiary
agencies causing various cosmic processes.
naikakarmakR^it.h . One who engages in innumerable activities in the
process of creation, sustenance etc.,
vatsaro One in whom everything dwells.
vatsalo One who has love for his devotees.
vatsii - One who protects those who are dear to Him.
rat{}nagarbho The ocean is so called since they have gems in it. The
Lord is called by that name.
dhaneshvaraH ..- One who is the Lord of all wealth.
51. dharmagubdharmakR^iddharmii sadasatksharamaksharam.h .
aviGYaataa sahastraaMshurvidhaataa kR^italakshaNaH ..
dharmagub : One who protects Dharma
dharmakR^id : Though unbounded by Dharma and adharma, he performs dharma in
order to protect the traditions in respect of it.
dharmii : One who upholds dharma
sad : The Brahman who is of the nature of truth.
Asat: The immortal*
ksharam : all beings subject to change
aksharam.h .: The Changeless One
aviGYaataa : One who is without the attributes of a jiva (ie. prakritic
attributes)
SahastraaMshur: One with numerous rays, ie. Sun. Since these rays of light
really belong to Him, He is indicated by this ephithet.
vidhaataa : One who is the unique supporter of all agencies like Ananta, who
bears the whole universe.
kR^italakshaNaH ..: One who gave out the Lakshnas or Sastras (or) He bears
on His chest the Srivatsa mark which is His distinctive feature and indicating
mark.
* I request learned readers to clarify whether 'Atah' in this context can
indeed be assigned the word "Immortal / eternal". I have my doubts but am
unable to give the correct meaning - AR
52. gabhastinemiH sattvasthaH si.nho bhuutamaheshvaraH .
aadidevo mahaadevo devesho devabhR^id.hguruH ..
gabhastinemiH : One whose rays are like spokes
sattvasthaH : One Who is the inner ruler of souls (sattva-soul)
si.nho : the Supreme Being
bhuutamaheshvaraH .: One Who shines as the Lord of Laksmi and Vayu (ii
Ramaa, shva Vayu)
aadidevo : The first among the deities
mahaadevo: One Who devours all and makes Lakshmi thrive
devesho : One Who is the bestower of bliss to all the deities and Lakshmi
devabhR^id.hguruH ..: One Who instructs Brahma
53.. uttaro gopatirgop{}taa GYaanagamyaH puraatanaH .
shariirabhuutabhR^idbhok{}taa kapiindro bhuuridakshiNaH ..
uttaro One Who lifts up good souls from samsara
gopatir One Who protects the Universe and the Vedas
gop{}taa The Protector
GYaanagamyaH One Who can be known by the wise men (Jnanis)
puraatanaH . One whose abode is Vaikunta
shariirabhuutabhR^id One Who supports the bodies and souls
bhok{}taa One Who eats up all
kapiindro the Controller of the released souls (muktas)
bhuuridakshiNaH .. One who is the bestower of great wealth
54.. somapo.amR^itapaH somaH purujit{}purusattamaH .
vinayo jayaH satyasa.ndho daashaarhaH saatvataaM patiH ..
somapo. The Protector of Rudra, the Consort of Uma
amR^itapaH One Who prevented the nectar from being drunk by the
asuras
somaH One Who is superior to Siva and Lakshmi
purujit{} One Who conquers the enemies
purusattamaH .- One Who is perfect and who is sought by the four faced
Brahma and others
vinayo jayaH One Who cannot be commanded by anyone
satyasa.ndho One whose resolve is ever true
daashaarhaH One Who is the bestower of bliss and pleasure to the
deserving
saatvataaM patiH ..- The Lord of nine deities starting from Lakshmi as
expounded in the Pancaratra.
55.. jiivo vinayitaa saakshii mukundo.amitavikramaH .
ambhonidhiranantaatmaa mahodadhishayo.antakaH ..
jiivo One Who makes the souls live
vinayitaa saakshii The witness for being humble
mukundo. The bestower of liberation
amitavikramaH . One who has super normal and matchless valour
ambhonidhir One who rests in Vishnu loka, containing all the worlds
anantaatmaa One Who has no confines and limitations and has no end
for His Being.
mahodadhishayo. One Who takes wonderful incarnations like Vamana and
Krishna (Dadisayah)
antakaH .. One Who bound the ocean (antayati bandayati kam samudram
jalam)
56.. ajo mahaarhaH svaabhaavyo jitaamitraH pramodanaH .
aanando nandano nandaH satyadharmaa trivikramaH ..
ajo The creator of the four faced Brahma
mahaarhaH One who is worshipful
svaabhaavyo One who protects the eligible satwick muktiyoga souls
jitaamitraH One who has the conquest over the enemies
pramodanaH . One who is superior to Lakshmi and Vayudeva
aanando One whose nature is bliss
nandano One who bestows happiness
nandaH One who has plentitude
satyadharmaa Who sustains the absolutely real world
trivikramaH ..- One who measured thrice the entire universe
57.. maharshhiH kapilaachaaryaH kR^itaGYo mediniipatiH .
tripadastridashaadhyaksho mahaashR^iN^gaH kR^itaantakR^it.h ..
maharshhiH The Supreme Sage (the spearhead of wisdom)
kapilaachaarya the bestower of bliss and pleasure on Brahma and
Rudra and the great perceptor
kR^itaGYo One Who knows the acts of all the souls
mediniipatiH .- the ruler of the Universe
tripada One who has three special abodes
tridashaadhyaksho The president of the birth, being and destruction
mahaashR^iN^gaH The Supremely wise (srngam gnanam)
kR^itaantakR^it.h .. One who puts an end to bad acts.
58.. mahaavaraaho govindaH sushheNaH kanakaaN^gadii .
guhyo gabhiiro gahano gup{}tashchakragadaadharaH ..
mahaavaraaho The Great Being who killed the man (Sisupala) who came
as the bridegroom (Varatvena aagatam sisupalam aahanti varahaha) cf.Rukmini
Kalyanam
govindaH Who rests in the ocean (‘go’ means water)
sushheNaH The Supreme Benefactor
kanakaaN^gadii Who has the Golden armlet
guhyo One Who resides in the heart
gabhiiro One Who shines with Lakshmi
gahano One Who cannot be completely apprehended
gup{}tash Who hides Himself from the sight of ineligibles
chakragadaadharaH ..- One Who has the Discus and the Mace.
59. vedhaaH svaaN^go.ajitaH kR^ishhNo dR^iDhaH sa.nkarshhaNo.achyutaH .
varuuNo vaaruNo vR^ikshaH pushhkaraaksho mahaamanaaH ..
vedhaaH The extraordinary sustainer and nourisher of all.
svaaN^go. One who is the Independent Creator (who relies on nothing
else).
a.jitaH The unconquerable.
kR^ishhNo Who takes away the dark sins of men.
dR^iDhaH One who is supremely steady.
sa.nkarshhaNo.achyutaH . (these two names are read as one name)
One who draws fully and does not suffer dimunition. Some hold the term
‘acyuta’ means not only the Lord suffers no dimunition but His
devotees too do not suffer any dimunition due to His grace. ( na vidyate cyutam
yasya saha; bhaktaan na cyavayathi iti va).
varuuNo One who uplifts good souls.
vaaruNo One Who bestows bliss on the ocean (varam samudraha; tasya
naha sukam yasmat).
vR^ikshaH One who showers all benefactions.
pushhkaraaksho The lotus eyed.
mahaamanaaH .. One who has supreme wisdom.
60. bhagavaan.h bhagahaanandii vanamaalii halaayudhaH .
aadityo jyotiraadityaH sahiishhNurgatisattamaH ..
bhagavaan.h The possessor of six fold attributes Aisvarya,
Virya, Yasas, Sri, Jnana, and Vairagya. (the term ‘bhagah’ in the
masculine gender and its possessors are indicated by the words
‘bhaga’ and ‘vat’ Bhagah asya asti iti bhagavan)
Mahabharatha has the following sloka ‘Aiswaryasya samagrasya viryasya
yashasashriyaha / jnana vairagya yogschaiva shannum bhaga itiranaha’)
bhagaha One who withholds the prosperity of bad souls
anandii the Supremely Blissful
vanamaalii One who has the garland which reaches His feet
halaayudhaH .- (haraayudhah) One who functioned as the instrument in
the hands of Rudra for the destruction of Tripurasura (‘Ra’ and
‘La’ are identical alphabets).
aadityo One who rejects the demons outright.
jyotiraadityaH - One who is the focal point of sun residing therin.
sahiishhNur One who endures
gatisattamaH ..- One who is earnestly sought by the jnanis.
61. sudhanvaa khaNDaparashurdaaruNo draviNapradaH .
divispR^ik.h sarvadR^igvaaso vaachaspatirayonijaH ..
sudhanvaa One who has the beautiful bow
khaNDaparashur One who broke the bow of Parasurama
daaruNo One who leads the world as a rold, or who tears the enemy
draviNapradaH . bestower of the wealth ie. learning
divispR^ik.h One who touches the residents of Svetadvipa, Vaikunta
and Anantasana
sarvadR^ig The perceiver of all
vaaso One who is excellent and omnipresent
vaachaspatir The Lord and controller of deities, in charge of speech
ayonijaH .. One who has no birth in the human embryo.
62. trisaamaa saamagaH saama nirvaaNaM bheshhajaM bhishhak.h .
sa.nnyaasakR^ich{}chhamaH shaanto nishhThaa shaantiH paraayaNam.h ..
trisaamaa The import of the three samans (nidhanam, udgitham,
pratiharah)
saamagaH One who can be attained by the Samaveda
saama One who equally resides in all
nirvaaNaM - One who is not completely comprehensible
bheshhajaM -The cure for the malady of samsara
bhishhak.h . The physician who heals
sa.nnyaasakR^I One who enables us to give up such activities that
are motivated by the desire for the fruits.
ch{}chhamaH - the blissful
shaanto One who destroys the impurities arising from demonic
tendencies
nishhThaa One who is permanently established
shaantiH - The enjoyer of Supreme Bliss
paraayaNam.h .. The resort of the liberated souls.
63. shubhaaN^gaH shaantidaH srashhTaa kumudaH kuvaleshayaH .
gohito gopatirgop{}taa vR^ishhabhaaksho vR^ishhapriyaH ..
shubhaaN^gaH One who gives auspicious wisdom
shaantidaH - The giver of Moksha
srashhTaa - The creator of the worlds
kumudaH - One who delights the world by destroying its burdens
kuvaleshayaH .- One in whose hands the strength of the Universe is present
gohito One who has benefitted the world by Vedas
gopatir The Lord of Svarga, cattle, words, etc
gop{}taa The protector of all
vR^ishhabhaaksho One who looks with grace on those good men who live
by dharma
vR^ishhapriyaH ..- One who loves Dharma.
64. anivartii nivR^ittaatmaa sa.nkshep{}taa kshemakR^ich{}chhivaH .
shriivatsavakshaaH shriivaasaH shriipatiH shriimataaM varaH ..
anivartii One who resides in the dasas of Mukhyaprana (araasdasas)
nivR^ittaatmaa One who cannot be totally comprehended by the minds
of men
sa.nkshep{}taa One who constructs the wide world of creation at the
time of deluge
kshemakR^ich{}- One who gives us sustenance
chhivaH .- One whose nature is bliss
shriivatsavakshaaH One who has Lakshmi in His heart as an ornament.
shriivaasaH In whom Lakshmi dwells
shriipatiH - Lord of Lakshmi
shriimataaM varaH .. One Who is the Lord of Brahma and others.
65. shriidaH shriishaH shriinivaasaH shriinidhiH shriivibhaavanaH .
shriidharaH shriikaraH shreyaH shriimaa.Nl{}lokatrayaashrayaH ..
shriidaH - One who gives wealth
shriishaH The giver of bliss to Lakshmi
shriinivaasaH The inner ruler of Lakshmi
shriinidhiH One who is shining
shriivibhaavanaH .- One who has manifold glories
shriidharaH One who upholds Lakshmi
shriikaraH One who creates wealth
shreyaH One who is surprisingly glorious
shriimaa.Nl{}- One who secures Lakshmi
lokatrayaashrayaH .. The upholder of three worlds
66. svakshH svaN^gaH shataanando nandirjyotirgaNeshvaraH .
vijitaatmaa vidheyaatmaa satkiirtish{}chhinnasa.nshayaH ..
svakshH - One who has splendid senses
svaN^gaH - One who makes devotees reach Him
shataanando One who bestows the hundredfold bliss on the four faced
Brahman
nandir One who confers bliss
jyotirgaNeshvaraH .- One who controls the luminous group of objects like the
sun
vijitaatmaa One who regulates the minds of souls
vidheyaatmaa One who has ordered the purificatory rites like bath,
gift, etc
satkiirtish{}- One who has for His wife kirti in His Vamana form
chhinnasa.nshayaH ..- Who destroys the doubt of his devotees
67. udiirNaH sarvatash{}chakshuraniishaH shaashvatasthiraH .
bhuushayo bhuushhaNo bhuutirvishokaH shokanaashanaH ..
udiirNaH One who devours Rudra in deluge
sarvatash{}chakshur One who has perfect vision or who has His eyes
everywhere
aniishaH One who has no Lord over Him.
shaashvatasthiraH .- One who is ever present and is immutable
bhuushayo One who holds the earth in His hands
bhuushhaNo One who has perfect bliss and consiousness
bhuutir- One who is of the forms of prosperity
vishokaH One who removes the sorrow from muktiyoga souls
shokanaashanaH ..- One who leads those who have their sorrows destroyed
(muktas)
68. archishhmaanarchi.ntaH kumbho vishuddhaatmaa vishodhanaH .
aniruddho.apratirathaH pradyum{}no.amitavikramaH ..
archishhmaan One who is flaming
archi.ntaH One who is worshipped by four faced Brahma and others
kumbho - One who illumines the earth
vishuddhaatmaa One who is an absolutely pure mind
vishodhanaH .- One who has examined the Vedas well (and classified them)
aniruddho.- One who has no obstruction from others
apratirathaH - One who has no opposition whatsoever
pradyum{}no. One who has unexcelled fame
amitavikramaH ..- One whose power is known from the valid Vedas.
69. kaalaneminihaa viiraH shauriH shuurajaneshvaraH .
trilokaatmaa trilokeshaH keshavaH keshihaa hariH ..
kaalaneminihaa – Destroyer of the demon Kalanemi
viiraH – Who inspires the great ones
shauriH – The descendent of the clan of surasena (the grandfather of Krishna
on the paternal side)
shuurajaneshvaraH .- One who has no ruler over him and is the descendent of
the sura family
trilokaatmaa – One who is the controller of the world and is the master of
the three
trilokeshaH – One who is the enlivener of the world and the three
keshavaH – One who incarnated by his white and dark hair. He is represented.
He is present as an amsha in Balarama.
keshihaa – The destroyer of the demon Kesin
hariH .. – One who destroys sins
70. kaamadevaH kaamapaalaH kaamii kaantaH kR^itaagamaH .
anirdeshyavapurvishhNurviro.ananto dhana.njayaH ..
kaamadevaH – One who shines like Kamadeva
kaamapaalaH – One who is attained by Brahma and Vayu and rules the world
kaamii – One who desires to protect the world
kaantaH – Who is pleasant
kR^itaagamaH . – One who cannot be attained by mere karma
anirdeshyavapur – The nature of whose body cannot be fully comprehended
vishhNur – One who is known as the life, strength and soul of men
viro.- One who has supreme desired bliss
ananto – One who has no destruction
dhana.njayaH .. – One who has conquered wealth
> 69. kaalaneminihaa viiraH shauriH shuurajaneshvaraH .
> trilokaatmaa trilokeshaH keshavaH keshihaa hariH ..
> keshavaH – One who incarnated by his white and dark hair. He is represented.
> He is present as an amsha in Balarama.
I'm not sure what style of derivation and what source is being referred to
above, but in his bhAshhya on Bhagavad Gita II-54, Srimad Ananda Tiirtha
offers what I consider a vastly better explanation of the word:
`kaM' brahmANaM, `IshaM' rudraM cha vartayati -- iti `keshavaH' |
He gives power of action to `ka', i.e., to Brahma, and to `Isha', i.e.,
Rudra -- thus He is `keshava'.
tathA hi niruktiH kR^itA harivaMsheshhu rudreNa kailAsayAtrAyAm.h |
Thus indeed it has been explained in the Harivamsha by Rudra upon the
occasion of the Kailasa pilgrimage.
(This cryptic remark is briefly explicated in the subcommentary.)
`hiraNyagarbhaH kaH prokta IshaH shaN^kara eva cha |
sR^ishhTyAdinA vartayati tau yataH keshavo bhavAn.h' ||
-- iti vachanAntarAchcha |
"Hiranyagarbha (Brahma) is called `ka', and also Shankara (Rudra) is
called `Isha'; as they are given power through Creation, etc., by Him,
thus he is Keshava"
-- thus it is stated elsewhere.
In his gloss, Sri Raghavendra also goes with this explanation, saying
simply, `keshava brahmarudrapravartaka' in this context. He cites the
bhAshhya cited above, in explaining `keshava' earlier on, under I-31.
Under III-1 and X-14 he simply alludes to the first chapter's explanation
where he has cited the bhAshhya, and in later instances (XI-35, XIII-1,
XVIII-76) he does not explain the word at all.
Regards,
Shrisha Rao
71. brahmaNyo brahmakR^id.h brahmaa brahma brahmavivardhanaH .
brahmavid.h braahmaNo brahmii brahmaGYo braahmaNapriyaH ..
brahmaNyo – One who is ocean that increases the bliss of muktas
brahmakR^id.h – One who in the contemplative penance of
brahmaa – One who grows the devotees
brahma – One that is full
brahmavivardhanaH .- One who has spread the Vedas with his Vyasavatara
brahmavid.h braahmaNo – One who knows the Vedas; brahmanah, one who is known through Vedas
brahmii – One in whom souls rest
brahmaGYo – One who is known by the four faced Brahman
braahmaNapriyaH ..- One who uses the wise ie. Jnana
72. mahaakramo mahaakarmaa mahaatejaa mahoragaH .
mahaakraturmahaayaj{}vaa mahaayaGYo mahaahaviH ..
mahaakramo – One in whose mind the eternal order of Vedic mantras are set
mahaakarmaa – One who performs great acts like creation of universe etc.,
mahaatejaa – One whose luminosity lights the sun
mahoragaH .- One who has as his servant the great snake Kaliya or Sesa
mahaakratur – One who is of the nature of jnana
mahaayaj{}vaa – for One, Brahma and others perform sacrifice
mahaayaGYo – for One whose sake great sacrifices like asvamedha are performed
mahaahaviH ..- On festive occassions who has as his vehicle Garuda (Mahahavi – mahaha, vi:)
73. stavyaH stavapriyaH stotraM stutiH stotaa raNapriyaH .
puurNaH puurayitaa puNyaH puNyakiirtiranaamayaH ..
stavyaH – One who is only praiseworthy
stavapriyaH – One who loves praise
stotraM – One who is prayed to
stutiH – One who is the import of all praise
stotaa – The inspirer of all praise
raNapriyaH .- One who loves the Vedic words
puurNaH – One who is full of attributes
puurayitaa – One who bestows perfection on each according to their deserts
puNyaH – One who is sacred
puNyakiirtir – One whose form is sacred
anaamayaH ..- One who has no diseases
74. manojavastiirthakaro vasuretaa vasupradaH .
vasuprado vaasudevo vasurvasumanaa haviH ..
manojavas – One who makes the mind work
tiirthakaro – One who has framed the scriptures
vasuretaa – One who plants his energy in water
vasupradaH .- One who bestows diamonds and precious stones on devotees
vasuprado – One who took arms for Arjuna to put down Bheesma
vaasudevo – One who illumines the jnana in devotees
vasur – One who resides
vasumanaa – One who resides the water offered by devotees
haviH .. –One who is propitiated in sacrifices
75. sadgatiH satkR^itiH sattaa sadbhuutiH sat{}paraayaNaH .
shuuraseno yadushreshhThaH sannivaasaH suyaamunaH ..
sadgatiH – The Goal of good souls
satkR^itiH – One who has as His wife Sati
sattaa – One who gives bliss and is home of bliss
sadbhuutiH – One who gives prosperity to good souls
sat{}paraayaNaH . – The chief refuge of good souls
shuuraseno – One who is best among Leaders
yadushreshhThaH – One who is Supreme among yadus
sannivaasaH – One whom the good souls love
suyaamunaH ..- One who cleared the poison in the waters of Jamuna by His power
76. bhuutaavaaso vaasudevaH sarvaasunilayo.analaH .
darpahaa darpado dR^ip{}to durdharo.athaaparaajitaH ..
bhuutaavaaso – One on whom all beings depend
vaasudevaH – One who is worshipped by Vayudeva
sarvaasunilayo.- One who is the home of all beings
analaH .- One who wants to bless his devotees with more and more gifts
darpahaa – One who destroys the pride of demons
darpado – One who gives pride to bad souls
dR^ip{}to – One who acts on His own joy
durdharo.- One who cannot bear the Lord
athaaparaajitaH ..- One Who is attained by the devotees of Visnu
77. vishvamuurtirmahaamuurtirdiip{}tamuurtiramuurtimaan.h .
anekamuurtiravyak{}taH shatamuurtiH shataananaH ..
vishvamuurtir – One who has manifold forms
mahaamuurtir – One who has the great form
diip{}tamuurtir – One who is blazing all the time
amuurtimaan.h .- One who is devoid of prakritic body
anekamuurtir – One who takes many incarnations
avyak{}taH - One who manifests to others only by His grace and remains otherwise unmanifest
shatamuurtiH – One who has many forms
shataananaH ..- (sataa aananah) – One who inspires the activity of infinite souls
78. eko naikaH savaH kaH kiM yat.h tat{}padamanuttamam.h .
lokabandhurlokanaatho maadhavo bhak{}tavatsalaH ..
eko – One who is the only Supreme Author.
naikaH – One who takes on many forms.
savaH – One who is wisdom.
kaH – One who is luminous.
kiM – The import of all Vedas and their subject matter.
yat.h – One whose form is jnana.
tat{}-One whose attributes are spread out.
Padam – One who is the refuge of all.
anuttamam.h . – There is none superior to Him.
lokabandhur – The Lord of men.
lokanaatho – The jnanarupa Lord who is requested by us.
maadhavo – One who gives us bliss.
bhak{}tavatsalaH ..- One who draws the devotee, calves to Him.
79. suvarNovarNo hemaaN^go varaaN^gash{}chandanaaN^gadii .
viirahaa vishhamaH shuunyo ghR^itaashiirachalash{}chalaH ..
suvarNovarNo – One who has golden compelxion.
hemaaN^go – One whose complexion is gold.
varaaN^gash{}- One who has supremely great limbs.
chandanaaN^gadii . – One who has sandal paste on His shoulders as ornaments.
viirahaa – One who has killed those who leave Vayudeva.
vishhamaH – One who has no equals.
shuunyo – One who destroys the pleasures for bad souls.
ghR^itaashiir – One who receives the offerings in the ghee.
achala – One who does not move.
sh{}chalaH .. – One who moves.
80. amaanii maanado maanyo lokasvaamii trilokadhR^ik.h .
sumedhaa medhajo dhanyaH satyamedhaa dharaadharaH ..
amaanii – Free from sensous longings
maanado – Who has defined Jnana and given it in the sastric parlance
maanyo - One who has none capable to prod Him
lokasvaamii – The Ruler of all the three worlds
trilokadhR^ik.h .- the Supporter of the three worlds –ie.dyu, prthvi, antariksha
sumedhaa – One who has effulgent intellect
medhajo – One who reveals Himself in sacrifice ie. Yajnapurusha
dhanyaH - the good who reside in Him
satyamedhaa – One whose knowledge is valid
dharaadharaH .. – Supporter of the world
81. tejovR^ishho dyutidharaH sarvashastrabhR^itaaM varaH .
pragraho nigraho vyagro naikashR^iN^go gadaagrajaH ..
#
tejovR^ishho – One who is in the form of sun, causes rainfall at all times.
dyutidharaH – One whose form is always brilliant.
sarvashastrabhR^itaaM varaH . – One who is superior to all bearing arms.
pragraho – One who accepts the offerings of devotees with great delight (or) one who is like rein in controlling the senses which are like wild horses.
nigraho – One who controls and destroys everything.
vyagro – One who has no agra or end.(or) one who is very attentive in granting the prayers of devotees.
naikashR^iN^go – One with four horns (cf.Vrsaba roopi in Taitereya Araynaka 1.10.17)
gadaagrajaH .. – One who is revealed by Mantra (Nigada), or, One who is the elder brother of Gada.
82. chaturmuurtish{}chaturbaahush{}chaturvyuuhashchaturgatiH .
chaturaatmaa chaturbhaavash{}chaturvedavidekapaat.h ..
chaturmuurtish{}- The Lord who takes four forms – Visva, Taijasa, Prajna, Turiya
chaturbaahush{} – One who endows muktas with four arms
chaturvyuuhash – The four group of Narayana ‘s forms, each comprising of six groups – under Kesava, Trivikrama, Sankarshana and Narasimha
chaturgatiH .- One who is sought after by four types of devotees. Ref Gita VII - 16
chaturaatmaa – One who is disposed to grant dharma, artha, kama and moksa to men according to their deserts
chaturbhaavash{}- The creator of four castes
chaturvedavid – The knower of all the four Vedas
ekapaat.h .. – One who is the supreme ruler
83. samaavarto.anivR^ittaatmaa durjayo duratikramaH .
durlabho durgamo durgo duraavaaso duraarihaa ..
samaavarto. – Who is present all round
anivR^ittaatmaa – One whose body is never destroyed
durjayo – One secures victory over sorrow by His worship
duratikramaH .- One who has transcended sorrow
durlabho – One who is attained through difficult efforts
durgamo – difficult to comprehend Him
durgo – One who secures grief for demons
duraavaaso – One who throws into tamas those who describe Him as nirguna
duraarihaa .. – One who destroys the enemies
84. shubhaaN^go lokasaaraN^gaH sutantustantuvardhanaH .
indrakarmaa mahaakarmaa kR^itakarmaa kR^itaagamaH ..
shubhaaN^go – One who has auspicious limbs
lokasaaraN^gaH – One who makes his Supreme Self known (lokasaram gamayati iti)
sutantus – One who has excellent progeny, like the four faced Brahman
tantuvardhanaH .- One who showered clothes on Draupadi
indrakarmaa – One who did the work for Indra which was an impossible one, namely the killing of Vrtrasura etc.,
mahaakarmaa – One performs the mighty task of supporting the world
kR^itakarmaa – One who has fulfilled activity
kR^itaagamaH .. – The composer of scriptures
85. udbhavaH sundaraH sundo rat{}nanaabhaH sulochanaH .
arko vaajasanaH shR^iN^gii jayantaH sarvavij{}jayii ..
udbhavaH – One who has transcended birth or origination
sundaraH – The supremely beautiful
sundo – One who gives bliss to good souls
rat{}nanaabhaH – One who has in His navel the supreme four faced Brahman
sulochanaH .- One who has great thoughts
arko – One who has supreme bliss
vaajasanaH – One who divides food and feeds all
shR^iN^gii – One who has Goverdhana hill as his horns
jayantaH – One who is victorious over all
sarvavij{}jayii ..- One who is omniscient and all powerful
86. suvarNabindurakshobhyaH sarvavaagiishvareshvaraH .
mahaahR^ido mahaagarto mahaabhuuto mahaanidhH ..
suvarNabindur – One who knows the Vedas
akshobhyaH – One who cannot be upset
sarvavaagiishvareshvaraH .- The controller of Rudra, who is the presiding diety of speech
mahaahR^ido – One who rests in the pond
mahaagarto – One who has great cave like heart
mahaabhuuto – the Originator of the elements
mahaanidhH ..- One who pleases all as the treasure
87. kumudaH kundaraH kundaH parjanyaH paavano.anilaH .
amR^itaasho.amR^itavapuH sarvaGYaH sarvatomukhaH ..
kumudaH – One who is supremely pleased
kundaraH – One who delights in the devotees’ offer of kunda flowers
kundaH – He who destroys the evil minded
parjanyaH - One who wins the best battle
paavano.- The purifier
anilaH .- One who accepts the devotees of Vayu
amR^itaasho.- One who gives sukha ie. Bharati to Vayu
amR^itavapuH – One who took the avatara of Dhanvantri for distribution of nectar
sarvaGYaH – the Omniscient
sarvatomukhaH .. – One who is auspicious on all sides
88. sulabhaH suvrataH siddhaH shatrujich{}chhatrutaapanaH . nyagrodho.adumbaro.ashvatthash{}chaaNuuraandhranishhuudanaH ..
sulabhaH – One who gives happiness on easy terms
suvrataH - One who is well established in auspiciousness
siddhaH – The root of all established reality
shatrujich{}- One who conquered his enemies
chhatrutaapanaH .- The tormentor of the evil minded
nyagrodho.- One who is perfect and independent of all
adumbaro.- One who transcends akasha
ashvatthash{}- One who stands firm like the horses
chaaNuuraandhranishhuudanaH .. – The slayer of caanura (pugalist) and Duruyodhana and his brothers
89. sahasraarchiH sap{}tajivhaH sap{}taidhaaH sap{}tavaahanaH . amuurtiranagho.achin{}tyo bhayakR^idbhayanaashanaH ..
sahasraarchiH – Radiant with manifold blazing flames
sap{}tajivhaH – The seven tongued inner Lord in Agni
sap{}taidhaaH – the Protector, who graces the Seven Sages
sap{}tavaahanaH .- He who leads the seven horsed chariot of Surya as his antaryamin
amuurtir – One who has no prakritic body
anagho.- the sinless
achin{}tyo – One who cannot be completely comprehended (sakalyena)
abhayakR^id – One who is the refuge of devotees
bhayanaashanaH .. – the destroyer of fears
90. aNurbR^ihatkR^ishaH sthuulo guNabhR^innirguNo mahaan.h .
adhR^itaH svadhR^itaH svaasyaH praagva.nsho va.nshavardhanaH ..
aNur – the substrata of the last atom
bR^ihat – the Supreme in greatness
kR^ishaH – the destroyer of demons
sthuulo – the greatest dimension
guNabhR^in – the nourisher of dependent souls
nirguNo – devoid of prakritic qualities
mahaan.h .- the greatest
adhR^itaH – He is not supported by any
svadhR^itaH – One who is self supported
svaasyaH – in whose face the shining Vedas rest
praagva.nsho – One who is the strong support like the bamboo
va.nshavardhanaH .. – One who continued the progeny of the Pandavas by protecting King Parikshit
91. bhaarabhR^it.h kathito yogii yogiishaH sarvakaamadaH .
aashramaH shramaNaH kshaamaH suparNo vaayuvaahanaH ..
bhaarabhR^it.h - One who bears the weighty universe on His back at all times
kathito – One who is disclosed by Vedas
yogii – He who is the way
yogiishaH – One who gives bliss to yogis and Ramaa (yoginam yah ramaayascha sham sukam yasmatsa)
sarvakaamadaH . – One who gives the desired objects to the devoteees
aashramaH - The Rest for the muktas who are free from all labour
shramaNaH – One who has the samnyasins as His dasas
kshaamaH – One who gives fortitude for all devotees
suparNo – The Supreme of the two birds (dvasuparna)
vaayuvaahanaH ..- One who lives the body at the time of death riding Vayudeva
92. dhanurdharo dhanurvedo daNDo damayitaa damaH .
aparaajitaH sarvasaho niyantaa niyamo yamaH ..
dhanurdharo – One who holds the bow
dhanurvedo – One who got the bow related to Indra from Agastya
daNDo – One who cannot be punished by another
damayita – One who puts down demons
adamaH .- One who gives the wealth to those who gives good gifts to them
aparaajitaH – One who has no superior to him and is unconquerable
sarvasaho – One who puts with all
niyantaa – the Controller
niyamo – One who orders well others
yamaH .. – One who rests at the time of deluge
93. sattvavaan.h saattvikaH satyaH satyadharmaparaayaNaH .
abhipraayaH priyaarho.arhaH priyakR^it.h priitivardhanaH ..
sattvavaan.h – He who has the power over the soul and others
saattvikaH – One who has as His dasa the four faced Brahma
satyaH – The Independent
satyadharmaparaayaNaH .- One who is the prime refuge of those that adhere to Truth and Dharma.
abhipraayaH – One who is the pleasure of Laksmi
priyaarho.- One who is eligible for supreme bliss
arhaH – The worshipful
priyakR^it.h – One who gives bliss to muktas
priitivardhanaH .. – One who protects the devotees with love
94. vihaayasagatirjyotiH suruchirhutabhugvibhuH .
ravirvirochanaH suuryaH savitaa ravilochanaH ..
vihaayasagatir – One who has Garuda for his vehicle
jyotiH - luminous
suruchir – One who has the supreme tastes
hutabhug – Who takes the sacrificial offerings
vibhuH .- One who elevates all
ravir – One who is comprehended by the sun
virochanaH – One who gave fascinating eyes to Arjuna to see His cosmic vision (visvarupa)
suuryaH – One who inspires and activates all souls
savitaa – One who creates
ravilochanaH .. – One who has sun for His eyes
95. ananto hutabhugbhok{}taa sukhado naikajo.agrajaH .
anirviNNaH sadaamarshhii lokadhishhThaanamad.hbhutaH ..
ananto – One who has destruction
hutabhug – One who takes sacrifices offered to Him
bhok{}taa – Who eats all
sukhado – One who bestows sound senses in good souls
naikajo.- One who is not born of any being
agrajaH .- One who manifests even before creation
anirviNNaH – One who is not averse to the inclination to creation
sadaamarshhii – One who excuses the unconsious mistakes committed
lokadhishhThaanam – One who is the refuge of the Universe
ad.hbhutaH .. – He is the wonder
96. sanaatsanaatanatamaH kapilaH kapiravyayaH .
svastidaH svastikR^it{}svasti svastibhuk{}svastidakshiNaH ..
sanaat – One who bestows great gains
sanaatanatamaH - The oldest Supreme Being (Purana Purusa)
kapilaH – One who has accepted Hanuman (as the greatest devotee)
kapir – One who is bliss drunk
avyayaH
ees
svastidaH – the bestower of well being (to devotees)
svastikR^it{}- One who endows existence to beings
svasti – One who is omnipresent at all times
svastibhuk{}- One who enables the good souls to enjoy the fruits of their karma
svastidakshiNaH .. – One who has for his consort the Lakshmi named Daksina
97. araudraH kuNDalii chakrii vikramyuurjitashaasanaH .
shabdaatigaH shabdasahaH shishiraH sharvariikaraH ..
araudraH – Of peaceful form
kuNDalii – The wearer of ear rings
chakrii – The weilder of discus
vikram – The valourous
yuurjitashaasanaH . – Whose commands are inviolable
shabdaatigaH – One who cannot be completely (sakalyena) comprehended by verbal testimony
shabdasahaH – The primary connotation and denotation of all
shishiraH – The pleasant bliss of jnanis
sharvariikaraH .. – The remover of agony and anguish
98. akruuraH peshalo daksho dakshiNaH kshamiNaaMvaraH .
vidvattamo viitabhayaH puNyashravaNakiirtanaH ..
akruuraH – The beloved of Akrura
peshalo – The delight of the heart
daksho – The destroyer of enemies
dakshiNaH – the ever grown
kshamiNaaMvaraH .- the Supreme among the forgivers
vidvattamo – the Supremely knowledged
viitabhayaH – the fearless
puNyashravaNakiirtanaH ..- One who has attributes, the listening of which gives us merit
99. uttaaraNo dushh{}kR^itihaa puNyo duHsvap{}nanaashanaH .
viirahaa rakshaNaH santo jiivanaH paryavasthitaH ..
#
uttaaraNo – One who takes beings over to the other shore of samsara
dushh{}kR^itihaa – One who effaces the evil effects of evil actions. Or, one who destroys those who perform evil.
puNyo – One who bestows holiness on those who remember and adore Him. (or) One who has revealed what is holy through the vedas and the smritis.
duHsvap{}nanaashanaH . – When adored and meditated upon, He saves one from dreams foreboding danger. Hence, He is called so.
viirahaa – One who frees jivas from bondage
rakshaNaH -One who protects all the thee worlds with his sattvaguna.
santo – He who manifests Himself as good persons for the spread of spiritual excellence and good conduct.
jiivanaH – One who supports lives of all beings as Prana
paryavasthitaH .. – One who remains pervading everywhere in this Universe.
100. ananantaruupo.anantashriirjitamanyurbhayaapahaH .
chaturasro gabhiiraatmaa vidisho vyaadisho dishaH ..
ananantaruupo. – Of infinite forms
Anan
y in respect of demonic natures
bhayaapahaH .- the dispeller of fears
chaturasro – a just and wise being
gabhiiraatmaa – One who protected the gopas from the rains by lifting the hill, Goverdhana
vidisho – One who gives jnana to the wise
vyaadisho – One who gives bliss and orders Garuda and others
dishaH ..- One who gives and has different forms of Dharma
101. anaadirbhuurbhuvo lakshmiiH suviiro ruchiraaN^gadaH .
janano janajanmaadirbhiimo bhiimaparaakramaH ..
anaadir – One who receives Mukhyaprana (ana) as the Supreme devotee
bhuur - Perfection
bhuvo – the Cause of the Universe
lakshmiiH – One who is known by meritorious beings
suviiro – One who makes Mukhyaprana great and noble
ruchiraaN^gadaH .- One who manifests the nature of souls
janano – the leader of the souls
janajanmaadir – from whom the origination of souls etc., takes place
bhiimo – the protector of lives of beings
bhiimaparaakramaH .. – One who gives valour of Bhimasena ie. The Lord
102. aadhaaranilayo.adhaataa pushh{}pahaasaH prajaagaraH .
uurdhvagaH sat{}pathaachaaraH praaNadaH praNavaH paNaH ..
aadhaaranilayo. – One who is the supporter of even the basic supporting elements ie. Panchabhutas (ether, fire, earthe, water, space)
adhaataa – One who is one’s own support (or) One who drinks (dhyana) all beings at the time of dissolution.
pushh{}pahaasaH – One whose manifestation as the Universe resembles the Hasa or blooming of buds into flowers.
prajaagaraH . - One who is particularly awake, because He is eternal awreness.
uurdhvagaH – One who is above everything.
sat{}pathaachaaraH – One who follows the conduct of the good.
praaNadaH – One who gives back life to dead ones.
praNavaH – He is called Pranava, as He is inseperably related with it.
paNaH .. – One who bestows the fruits of Karma on all according to their merits. (the root ‘pana’ means ‘transaction’).
103. pramaaNaM praaNanilayaH praaNabhR^it{}praaNajiivanaH .
tattvaM tattvavidekaatmaa janmamR^ityujaraatigaH ..
pramaaNaM – Who is the authority for knowing the good and bad acts of our conduct
praaNanilayaH – One in whom Pranadeva gets into
praaNabhR^it{}- One who sustains life with food etc
praaNajiivanaH .- One who helps the souls to live
tattvaM – Para Brahma
tattvavid – One who knows all that is Truth
ekaatmaa – the One Supreme Being
janmamR^ityu jaraatigaH .. – One who has no birth, death nor old age
104. bhuurbhavaHsvasta
aaN^go yaGYavaahanaH ..
bhuurbhavaHsvastarus – The three vyahritis (bhuh, bhuvah, svah) are the essence of Vedas, hence the Lord is known by that name.
taaraH – One who helps the Jivas to go across the ocean of samsara. (or) it signifies the Pravana with which the deity is one.
savitaa – He who generates all the worlds.
prapitaamahaH . – One who is the father of Brahma and therfore the grandfather of all.
yaGYo – One who is of the form of yajna *
yaGYapatir- One who is the protector and the master of the yajnas.
yaj{}vaa – One who manifests as the performer of a yajna.
yaGYaaN^go – All the parts of His body as the incarnate Cosmic Boar (Yajnavaraha) are identified with the parts of the yajna. Hence, the name.
yaGYavaahanaH .. – One who supports the yajna which yeild various fruits.
* The following portion of Harivamsa (3.34.34-41) explains how it is so –
“That Supreme Lord who is the embodiment of Yajna, is the great Being having the Vedas for feet, the sacrificial post for molars, the sacrificial rites for arms, fire for tongue, the darba grass for hair and Brahma for head. His is a divine form having night and day as eyes, the six Vedas as ear ornaments, ghee as the nose, Sruvas as mouth, the sound of Soma chant as voice. He is the great one, with Dharma and Truth as arms endowed with all glories and the holy acts as His footsteps. Penance (prayaschitta) in His nails, the sacrificial beast His knees. The Vedic chants are His intestines, the act of sacrifice as is His sex organ, and herbs are His seed. The atmosphere is His soul. The mantras form his hind parts. His movements are attractive. The soma juice is His blood. The sacrificial pits are the shoulder. The sacrificial offerings is the incense. The Havya and the Kavya represent His great speed. The Pragvamsa (the retiring quarter of the Sacrificer) is His body. He is brilliant and adored by the various sacrificial initiations. The sacrificial gift (Daksina)is His heart. He is a yogi endowed with the whole sacrifices as His being. His lips are
edic meters are the routes for Him to traverse. The highly secret Upanishads are His buttocks. Shadow is His consort. He shines like the peak of Mount Meru.”
(translated into English by Svami Tapasyananda, Ramakrishna Mutt)
105.yajnantakrdyajnaguhyamannamannada eva ca
atmayonissvayamjato vaikhanassamagayanah
yajnantakrd – One who enables us to complete the sacrifice
yajnaguhyam – the soul of the sacrifice
annam – the supporter of all lives
annada eva ca – One who eats the sacrifices
atmayonis – One who is His own cause (self-caused)
svayamjato – One who is self created
vaikhanas – One who digging the earth killed Hiranyakasipu
samagayanah – One who recites the sama
106. aatmayoniH svayaMjaato vaikhaanaH saamagaayanaH .
devakiinandanaH srashhTaa kshitiishaH paapanaashanaH ..
shaN^khabhR^innandakii chakrii shaarN^gadhanvaa gadaadharaH . rathaaN^gapaaNirakshobhyaH sarvapraharaNaayudhaH ..
devakiinandanaH – Son of Devaki
srashhTaa – the Creator
kshitiishaH – Lord of the world
paapanaashanaH ..- the destroyer of sins
shaN^khabhR^in- One who has shanka
nandakii – He who has the sword
chakrii – One who has the chakra
shaarN^gadhanvaa – One who has as His bow - Saranga
gadaadharaH .- One who weilds the gada
rathaaN^gapaaNir – One who has as his armour Cakra
akshobhyaH – One who has none to disturb Him
sarvapraharaNaayudhaH ..- One who has instruments to meet all
107. sarvapraharaNaayudha AUM nama iti .
vanamaalii gadi shaN^grii shaN^khii chakrii cha nandakii .
shriimaan.h naaraayaNo vishhNurvaasudevo.abhirakshatu ..
May Sri Narayana protect us – He who wears a garland of wild flowers, sports a mace, bow, conch, discus and sword, is famous as Visnu and Vasudeva, and is ever with Sri Rama Devi.
shrii vaasudevobhirakShatu OM nama iti .
Dear Sri Hari bhaktas,
With this, we come to end merely of these postings. As the ‘Srimad Bhagavata’ says, one sufficiently intelligent could count the number of grains of sands on earth, but is still nowhere near exhausting Sri MahaVishnu’s glories (cf. ‘Srimad Bhagavatam’ by N. Raghunathan). We have not even exhausted all the meanings of the thousand names of Sri MahaVishnu. These names are a cure to samsara. The renowned professor of Dvaita, Dr.P.Nagaraja Rao quotes a verse from ‘Charaka
es fever.
As mentioned in the introduction, the meanings were serialized in the ‘Dharmaprakash journal’. The meanings have been taken from there. The ‘Dharmaprakash’ does not acknowledge the name of the author, and all the credit goes to that gentle, self-effacing soul.
Having said that, I could not locate the meanings of the following eight verses that were serialized - 35, 49, 50, 51, 81, 99, 102, 104 - I request those having access to these issues of Dharmaprakash journal to post them to the list. I have taken their meanings from other sources.
I have received queries on whether there are good translations of the 1000 names in English, as per Madhva and other sampradayas. Regarding Tattvavada meanings, I have only come across this in English, and hence the reason for its posting. It has not yet been published as a book. Regarding other sampradayas, there is one at http://www.ramanuja.org/sv/sahasra/ (for 62 verses so far). The author, Mr. Dasan Krishnamachari, claims to have based the contents on an English book “Sri Vishnu Sahasranama with the Bhashya of Sri Parasara Bhattar, with Translation in English" by A. Srinivasa Raghavan, published by Sri Visishtadvaita Pracharnini Sabha, Madras, in 1983. It delves deep into grammatical derivations of the words and many other useful details. Judged from the contents, the original should be definitely worth a read. Among Advaitic translations, there is a well-known one attributed by tradition to Adi Sankara himself! (Dr.BNK Sharma disputes this and says that this should be a later Sankaracharya, since the work shows obvious Madhva influence!). This work has been translated by Swami Tapasyananda and published by Sri Ramakrishna Mutt. I take this work, like other Advaitic works, with a bag of salt. All the familiar tricks of our old friends are there – calling ‘Creation’ as ‘Projection’ etc. Having said that, Swami Tapasyananda and Swami Adidevananda are known for attempting an honest understanding of Dvaita philosophy. He has given many quotes from scriptures to
s of the word. It will interest those who would like to see the quotes in their proper context and whether they aptly illustrate the said meanings or not!
Thanks are due to Meera Tadpatri for sending me the ITRANS version of the verses, to Shrisha Rao for making corrections and saving us from the sin of misunderstanding to that extent. And thanks are due to volunteers who clarified and the members who wrote to receive missed issues and took time to write encouraging mails. Thanks, finally, to God for enabling the completion of these postings without any obstacles.
I hope to translate ‘Mani Manjari’ of Sri Narayana Panditacharya next.
Always offering my prayers and dedications to the Lotus feet of Bharatiramana Mukhyapranantargata Sri Lakshmi Hayagriva who resides in the pure heart of the Rju Sri Vadirajaswamin of Sode, and to our own Guru, Sri Satyatma Teertharu of Uttaradi Mutt.
Kind Regards, AR
A.R. Ramachandran
ISvarO vikramI dhanvI mEdhAvI vikramaH kramaH |
anuttamO durAdharShaH kRutaj~jaH kRutirAtmavAn || 9 ||
Sri Vishnu Sahasranama
By A.R. Ramachandra on Dvaita.org
Dear Sri Hari bhaktas,
On the holy Vijayadasami day, the avatara day of our beloved Jagadguru, Sri Madhvacharya, I intend to present before the readers a word by word
translation of Vishnu Sahsranama. Our Acharya has clearly emphasised the greatness of Vishnu Sahasranama by stating that every word in the Vishnu Sahasranama has a hundred meanings. When challenged by others, the meanings flowed consuming the pundits like a deluge consuming a small well (Sumadhva Vijaya).
This should show how impossible the task is, I only hope that the one
meaning that is given is not the wrong one! ( not to forget about giving more than one correct meaning or hundred meanings!!!). In this venture, I am mainly guided by meanings provided by Dharmaprakash journal (now defunct). Very often, I have reproduced them verbatim. I hope that the meanings provided, while certainly not exhaustive, are in line with tattvavada.The Dharmaprakash journal does not mention the name of the author, and that gentle, generous, self effacing soul certainly takes the credit for the meanings and the way of presentation.
I request to be corrected when I am wrong, or when better meanings can be provided, or when more than one correct meaning is known to the gentle readers.
The first posting is likely to appear today, Vijayadasami, and thereafter, after Monday (due to intervening holidays), Every issue thereafter, two slokas will be translated.
Always offering my prayers and dedications to Lord Lakshmi Hayagriva who resides in the pure heart of Lord Bharatiramana Mukyaprana and Sri Vadirajaswami of Sonda and our own guru Sri Satyatama teertharu of Uttardi Mutt.
AR
Dhyanam
megasyamam pitakauseyavasam
srivatsankam kaustubhodbhasitangam
punyopetam pundarikayataksam
visnum vande sarvalokaikanatham
I bow to Lord Vishnu, the sole Lord of the entire universe, blue as the moisture laden fresh blue clouds, wearing silken yellow garments with Srivatsa& mark on the chest, limbs adorned with kaustubha and other ornaments, having only auspicious merits, with eyes white and broad like the white lotus.
The Sahasranama Slokas
viSvaM viShNurvaShaTkArO BUtaBavyaBavatpraBuH |
BUtakRudBUtaBRudBAvO BUtAtmA BUtaBAvanaH || 1 ||
Viswam Who pervades the universe
Visnuh Who measured the entire universe with three steps
Vasatkarah Who has the form full of six auspicious attributes of wealth, strength, fame, power, knowledge and renunciation
Bhuta-bhavya-bhavat-prabhuhuh Who is the Lord of the past, present and future.
Bhutakrt Who destroys all beings at the time of deluge
Bhuta-bhrt- Who supports all creatures at all times
Bhavah Who creates the universe at the beginning of Creation
Bhutatma Who controls all beings at all times
Bhutabhavanah Who fascinates the minds of all beings
pUtAtmA paramAtmA ca muktAnAM paramA gatiH |
avyayaH puruShaH sAkShI kShEtraj~jO&kShara Eva ca || 2 ||
Putatma Who purifies the souls
Paramatma Who is the Supreme Atman
Muktanam Parama Gatihi the Supreme Refuge even to the liberated souls
Avyayah Who provides movement to the Sun
Purusah Who existed even before creation
Saksi Who perceives all existence always
Ksetrajnaha Who knows the entire range of all entities animate as well as inanimate always
Akshara Who does not suffer any diminution at any time
yOgO yOgavidAM nEtA pradhAnapuruShESvaraH |
nArasiMhavapuH SrImAn kESavaH puruShOttamaH || 3 ||
Yogah Who is contemplated upon by the truly informed.
Yogavidamneta Who leads the jnanis to liberation
Pradhanapurusesvarah Who is the lord of Prakriti and jivas
Narasimhavapuh Who has taken the Man-Lion form
Sriman Who is the Lord of Bharati and Consort of Lakshmi
Kesavah Who is the Lord of Brahma
Purushottamah Who is the best among all sentient beings
sarvaH SarvaH SivaH sthANurBUtAdirnidhiravyayaH |
saMBavO BAvanO BartA praBavaH praBurISvaraH || 4 ||
Sarvah: Who has knowledge of all at all times
Sharvah: Who makes the evildoers weep for their sins
Sivah: Who is eternally auspicious
Sthanuh: Who is ever constant, who ever inspires all in their respective atomic forms
Bhutadih: Who is the source or the efficient cause of all
Nidhih: Who is ever adored in the heart by the good
Avyayah: Who is resorted to with love by the informed
Sambhavah: Who projects the stars in their courses, who ever remains wedded to His own Independence
Bhavanah: Who inspires ideas, who makes all shine by His effulgence
Bharta: Who sustains and protects all at all times
Prabhavah: Who drives the sun and the moon by His power and effulgence
Prabhuh: Who is supreme in all His powers
Isvarah: Who controls and directs all at all times
svayaMBUSSaMBurAdityaH puShkarAkShO mahAsvanaH |
anAdinidhanO dhAtA vidhAtA dhAturuttamaH || 5 ||
Svayambhuh: Who is Self Born
Sambhuh: Who bestows happiness
Adityah: Who resides in the sun and gives it its effulgence
Puskarakshah: Who has eyes like lotus or who has infinite eyes (alt.Pushkalaakshah)
Mahasvanah: Who has an inspiring voice
Anadhinidhanah: Who has no birth, growth or destruction
Dhata: Who supports and nourishes all others
Vidhata: Who has Garuda for His vehicle, who supports even the liberated ones
Dhaturuttamah:Who is superior even to gods like Brahma and others
apramEyO hRuShIkESaH padmanABO&marapraBuH |
viSvakarmA manusvtaShTA sthaviShThassthavirO dhruvaH || 6 ||
Aprameyah Who has infinite, immeasurable qualities
Hrsikesah Who is Lord of Rudra, Brahma and Lakshmi (isa, ke,’i)
Padmanabhah Who has lotus in his navel
Amaraprabhuh Who makes the possessors of His knowledge shine
Visvakarma From Whom, all karma originate, but whom the karmas do not bind
Manuh Who gives true cognition to His devotees
Tvasta Who eternally shines
Sthavisthah Who is the biggest
Sthavirah Who is most ancient
Dhruvah Who is eternally permanent
agrAhyaH SASvataH kRuShNO lOhitAkShaH pratardanaH |
praBUtastrikakubdhAma pavitraM maMgalaM param || 7 ||
Agrahyah Whose attributes cannot be grasped in their totality
Sasvatah Who is immutable in every way and does not suffer change due to passage of time
Krsnah Who attracts all to Himself by his endearing attributes
Lohitakshah Who is red eyed and severe to those who hate him
Pratardanah Who deals with His enemies mercilessly
Prabhutah Who is boundless in His bounty to His devotees
Trikakuddhama Who has His abode in Vaikunta, Aditya and Hrdaya
Pavitram Who is ever pure and who purifies His devotees
Mangalam Who is ever auspicious and who bestows auspiciousness on his devotees
Param Who is ever different from all others and ever their Supreme Master
ISAnaH prANadaH prANO jyEShThaH SrEShThaH prajApatiH |
hiraNyagarBO BUgarBO mAdhavO madhusUdanaH || 8 ||
iishaanaH Who activates Lord Siva and who gives happiness to Goddess
Lakshmi and who is the Lord of Pranadeva
praaNadaH Who gives life to all
praaNo Who is the Prime Activator
jyeshhThaH Who is the Primeaval Person
shreshhThaH Who is superior to all others in time, space and attributes
prajaapatiH Who is Lord Sri Narayana, Himself, who protects even Lord Sri Brahma
hiraNyagarbho Who bears the golden Brahmanda in His Person
bhuugarbho By whose grace the denizens descend to earth
maadhavo Who has no lord for Himself
madhusuudanaH.. Who is the destroyer of the demon Madhu by name