135 years with p,p'- dichloro diphenyl
trichoroethane (DDT)
From invention and discovery to partial elimination
1874 Otmar Zeidler (1859-1911) publishes a method for chemical synthesis of dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) 1939 Paul Hermann Mueller (1899-1965) discovers the insecticidal properties of DDT 1939-45 DDT was widely used during World War II to protect soldiers and civilians from malaria, typhus and other diseases spread by insects Soldier being dusted with DDT powder to kill lice that carried typhus, photo from J G Edwards, Mosquitoes, DDT and Human Health,21st Century Science & Technology, Fall 2002, 16-32 1947 DDT in general use as insecticide in Sweden 1948 Mueller awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine 1962 Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring signals a strong warning for the environmental impact of pesticides such as DDT 1967 The white-tailed eagle, a bird of prey, threatened by extinction in Sweden due to DDT poisoning Biomagnification - concentration through the food chain, from Persistent Organic Pollutants - A Swedish View of an International Problem, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 1998 1970 Use of DDT banned in Swedish agriculture 1975 Use of DDT banned in Swedish forestry 2001 The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants initiates a global phase-out of DDT (and eleven other POPs). 2009 DDT continues to be used against mosquitos in several countries to control malaria. 2009 The Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences publishes an article by Eric D Carter: "God Bless General Peron": DDT and the Endgame of Malaria Eradication in Argentina in the 1940s (abstract) |
¤ Read more about DDT here ¤ Read about Mueller here ¤ Read about Ciba-Geigy here ¤ Read the Nobel Prize presentation speech here ¤ Read about Rachel Carson here ¤ Read about Silent Spring here ¤ Read about the white-tailed eagle here ¤ Read about the Stockholm Convention here ¤ Read about the race to eliminate DDT here
¤ Global status of DDT and its alternatives for use in vector control to prevent disease (Stockholm Convention, October 2008)
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