Structural Parametric Whole Tree Lattices:

structure created by joining tree formation patterns in algorithmic

recursion. The process of creation begins by discovering the key

parametric constraints evidenced in the trees structure through

it's growth patterns, especially those of branches and stems. Once a

range of formations within the pattern have been identified, these

patterns are analysed based on a number of characteristics for their

suitability in linking together (recurring) to create strength in one direction,

then two, and eventually three dimensions. Often, as in the creation

of structural lattices, the three dimensional strength happens when a

plane of green (wet wood) lattice is wrapped or bent into a three

dimensional form and secured to cure in that position. Designed

structural space frames where three dimensions are included in the

recursion of the formations will also be possible. These methods are

particularly suited to small diameter round wood ( de-barked but

un-milled) which is twice as strong as traditionally milled wood of the same

dimension (US forest products lab).

The motivation driving the creation of these building systems was to

answer the question: what kind of architecture does the tree want to

become? Wood is strongest in the whole and un-milled state. The beauty

is greatest in the whole un-milled state. The strength and the beauty

of trees are inseparable and perfectly honest. Their fates

intertwined, the answer to the question it seems, is that the tree is

both stronger and more beautiful as a tree; the less one forces the

tree to act against the principles which make it strong and beautiful,

the more successful one's structure will be in every way. This

building system is an attempt to celebrate the strength and beauty of

the tree while providing a means of architecture: that is human

shelter; the framing of experience and action, and a catalyst for the

generation of healthy culture.

The tree structure is meant to serve as an apparatus to and from which

climate filtration layers (walls, roofs, building skins etc...) are

affixed or intertwined in the principled fashion of the main

structural frame. As with all building systems, the opportunity for a

unique celebration of beauty arises, and especially so as this

structure lends itself to careful understanding of site dynamics and

the careful treatment of the natural world. The cultural benefits

occur from the regeneration of local economy, sense of place, and

delight in the aesthetic as this building system is constructable

without the aid of mechanical fabrication or manufacturing. A site may

offer up all the tools and materials necessary for people to create

the structure of a building.

We're currently working to create the "whole tree" lattices

with various species of Juniperous in Texas. These trees, which are

famous for their desirability as "bonsai" respond impressively to

pruning. Pruning methods similar to that of willow harvesters in Europe for

the use of shepherd's crooks are utilized to gather the structural material.

Young shoots turn into long straight poles over a relatively short

time as these trees are pruned back in a certain manner. Both natural

and altered growth patterns will form an increasingly diverse alphabet

of building languages over time. The tree also possesses natural

qualities of rot and insect resistance and the bark is easily peeled

when the sap is running (very easy to work with). As the native

juniper species has overpopulated due to poor land management

practices, the harvesting of juniper is actually a federally

subsidized action for the restoration of the water table and natural

grasses. All wood joints (juniper) created with hand tools are

utilized for maximum strength and efficiency. These joints connect the

recurring tree formations to complete the structure.

Citation and notes:

Gundersen, Roald. Personal interview. November 2008.

http://www.roaldgundersen.com/Whole_Tree_Homes.php

-Architect Roald Gundersen of Stoddard Wisconsin coined the phrase

"whole tree" in order to describe a kind of architecture which utilizes trees

in the unmilled state.