Websites and online books
Eye, Brain and Vision (David Hubel)
http://hubel.med.harvard.edu/book/bcontex.htm
Complete textbook, free to read online or download.
Color Vision (Leo Hurvich)
http://baqaqi.chi.il.us/buecher/science/color_vision/index.html
Scans of the 1981 textbook by another important vision scientist.
Stockman, A., & Brainard, D. H. (2009). Color vision mechanisms. From The Optical Society of America Handbook of Optics, 3rd edition, Volume III: Vision and Vision Optics. New York: McGraw Hill.
http://cvrl.ucl.ac.uk/people/Stockman/pubs/2009%20Color%20Vision%20Mechanisms%20SB.pdf
Mollon, J. D. (2003) The origins of modern color science. From Shevell, S. (Ed) Color Science, Optical Society of America, Washington.
http://vision.psychol.cam.ac.uk/jdmollon/papers/MollonColorScience.pdf
Excellent chapter on the history of colour science after Newton.
Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and the Visual System (University of Utah).
http://webvision.med.utah.edu/
Comprehensive medical website on vision science.
The Joy of Visual Perception (Peter Kaiser): Online book on vision including colour vision; you can even ask the author questions (but read the book first!).
http://www.yorku.ca/eye/titlepg.htm
http://www.yorku.ca/eye/question.htm
Visual Perception (Daniel Chandler): Various topics on visual perception (not colour)
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/MC10220/visindex.html
Color Vision (De Valois and Webster)
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Color_vision
http://www.colour4free.org.uk/
The Physiology of the Senses. Transformations for Perception and Action (Tutis Vilis):
http://www.physpharm.fmd.uwo.ca/undergrad/sensesweb
Elaborate demonstrations of The Eye, The Visual Cortex, Visual
Perception of Objects and Motion and other topics (not colour vision)
available as flash demonstrations and PDFs
Colour and Colour Vision: Background Information (Colour and Vision Research Laboratories).
http://www-cvrl.ucsd.edu/background.htm
The Bases of Colour Vision (Brian Wagner and Douglas Kline)
http://www.psych.ucalgary.ca/pace/va-lab/Brian/default.htm
A Chronological History of Vision Research (Jack Yellott)
http://web.archive.org/web/20040407004054/http://aris.ss.uci.edu/cogsci/vision/yellott_1600.html
http://web.archive.org/web/20040407004054/http://aris.ss.uci.edu/cogsci/vision/yellott_dates.html
http://flash.lakeheadu.ca/~mwesner/Overhead%20S+P.html
Online/downloadable interactive programs
Vision Science Demonstrations and Publications (Hans Irtel).
http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fakul/psycho/irtel/research.html
PXLab Vision Demonstrations (Hans Irtel).
http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fakul/psycho/irtel/pxlab/demos/VisionDemonstrations.html (online)
http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fakul/psycho/irtel/cvd.html (older downloadable Widows program (CVD.exe), with notes for experimenting with various colour vision phenomomena)
Site also includes a collection of historical colour diagrams
http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fakul/psycho/irtel/colsys
Project LITE - Atlas of Visual Phenomena: Dozens of demonstrations of optical illusions and visual phenomena. NOTE: The demonstrations of additive and subtractive mixing used in the course are from this site:
http://lite.bu.edu/ (Online or download - Windows/Mac)
http://lite.bu.edu/vision/applets/lite/lite/lite.html
http://lite.bu.edu/vision/applets/Color/Addition/AdditionMove.html
http://lite.bu.edu/vision/applets/Color/Subtraction/SubtractionMove.html
Spektral (Pehr Sallstrom): Programme for visualising the relation between colour and spectral energy distribution
http://home.swipnet.se/pehrs/english/ix.htm (home page)
Colour vision tests
Online Color Challenge (Xrite)
http://www.xrite.com/custom_page.aspx?PageID=77
Isihara colour vision test
http://colorvisiontesting.com/ishihara.htm
Optical Illusions
87 Optical Illusions & Visual Phenomena (Michael Bach).
http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/
Optical Illusions (eChalk): Outstanding illustrations of influence of surround on colour perception.
http://www.echalk.co.uk/amusements/OpticalIllusions/colourPerception/colourPerception.html
Akiyoshi's Illusion Pages (Akiyoshi Kitaoka)
http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/~akitaoka/index-e.html
Brightness illusion catalogue
http://www.psy.ritsumei.ac.jp/~akitaoka/BrightnessIllusionCatalogue2008.doc
Illusions and Demos (Edward Adelson):
http://web.mit.edu/persci/people/adelson/illusions_demos.html
Adelson, E., 2000. Lightness Perception and Lightness Illusions
http://persci.mit.edu/people/adelson/publications/acrobat/gazzan.pdf
Lightness Perception and Lightness Illusions (interactive movies based on Adelson paper)
http://web.mit.edu/persci/gaz/gaz-teaching/index.html
The checkerboard shadow illusion:
http://web.mit.edu/persci/people/adelson/checkershadow_illusion.html
Some more illusion sites:
http://www.sandlotscience.com/
http://www.cogsci.uci.edu/personnel/hoffman/illusions.html
http://www.illusionworks.com/
http://www.brl.ntt.co.jp/IllusionForum/basics/visual/index-e.html
http://dragon.uml.edu/psych/illusion.html
http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/f_exhibits.html
http://viperlib.york.ac.uk/
http://psy.ucsd.edu/%7esanstis/SASlides.html
http://www.scientificpsychic.com/graphics/
http://www.ski.org/Vision/Fun/Illusions/index.html
http://colorisrelative.com/