History through the study of science has provided us with a wealth of knowledge from a readable and writable language, architecture, mathematics, philosophical thinking, and observational analysis. Each passing civilization from the ancient Babylonians to present day has contributed to a monument of scientific findings and developments. The Greeks built upon the Babylonian concept for documenting their observations of astronomy. The Romans carried on the Greek structured teachings of architecture and government. The Renaissance expanded on our planet's rise from the center of the universe and up into the heavens. As time continues, humans will learn more and more about the world and universe that surrounds them. It is human nature to be inquisitive and explorative. We seek the unknown. So how did each passing civilization learn from the other? How were these civilizations able to expand on their culture and way of life? This web project will guide you through the different approaches to mapping and navigation that civilizations used throughout their times. It will be apparent that the concept of a round earth and the celestial paths of our universe are integral in creating a science of cartography and navigation.

            Each civilization was located in a different region of the planet and prospered in their quarter of the world. Their culture grew in size not only in population but in geographic proportion. Their culture relied on exploring different areas for future growth and trade with neighboring communities and cultures. Those who invited knowledge from others prospered in its benefits and those that didn't fell behind. So how did these people know where to go and how to return home with their new findings? Sheets of wood, animal hide, parchment, and then paper with guided drawings were the first maps. Some maps were as crude as a rough drawing indicating an east-west river at the bottom and a mountain range to the top of the map. So as long as they traveled with one geographic feature to one side they would eventually make it to their desired location. They also could have used the stars to navigate themselves around the country. By following a unique pattern of the stars, constellations, they could find their way. In time more precise mapping techniques and navigational tools and instruments were designed to aid in travel and exploration. These ventures became the vast network of wealth and knowledge. As you can see from the image above, cartography and map making has changed throughout the centuries along with the wondrous discoveries of the planet we live on.

            As each civilization endured the teachings and academia gained through shared exploration they contributed a small addition to philosophy and science to the human culture. In Episode 1 I have presented one of the earliest maps discovered by modern man. You will see the rough construct of a larger area engraved on a stone tablet from an ancient civilization. Episode 2 encompasses the broader aspect of discovered lands. Precise artistry was performed to create such intricate detail in the maps of the Middle Ages. Finally, Episode 3 will open you up to a mathematical system in cartography that is still used today for navigation.