The word 'kalium' is neo-Latin - words coined in modern times in Latin form. Potassium wasn't known as a separate element until 1807 - well after the Roman Empire. The word itself comes from 'alkali', which is Arabic in origin.
Latin does indeed have a 'k' - although its use is extremely limited. It was more prevalent in early Latin. Probably seen the most is Latin 'Kalendae' = Kalends, one of the three key days of the month in the Roman calendar - Ides, Kalends, and Nones. For the language arts connection, consider:
A connotation is a word's secondary or implied meaning. What are the connotations of the elements?
Why are you a "carbon copy" of your parent? Look up "carbon paper".
How did a plumber get his/her name?
What does it mean to be "iron-willed"?
Why do you drive with a "lead foot"? What does "get the lead out" mean?
hydroelectric, hydrofil, hydrate
How do you rule with an "iron fist"
oxiclean and other "oxy" cleaning products - What is "oxypower"? Look up companies which use "oxygen" as a part of their names.
advertsing - titanium strength i.e. titanium razors, titanium automobiles
all the "calc" vitamin products
What does calcification or calcified mean? What do bones and calcium have in common?
ferriferous is an English word
Nitro Energy Drink
Why is silence "golden"? What about the "gold" medal in the olympics? What is the connotation of "gold"? What is a "golden boy"?
Why would you call a phone a "Blackberry Curve Titanium"? Is it made of Titanium?
Why are soft drinks often called "sodas"?
There is a band called "Your Name in Neon"? What does that mean? Why would you call yourself that?
How did the country "Argentina" get its name?
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