Mechanisms of older adults' positivity effects in attention and memory

Older adults show more emotionally gratifying memory distortion for past choices and autobiographical information than younger adults do.  In addition, when shown positive and negative stimuli, older adults are more likely to favor the positive over negative stimuli in attention and memory than younger adults do.  Results from behavioral and neuroimaging studies argue against the hypothesis that older adults’ positivity effect in attention and memory is due to age-related decline in brain regions such as the amygdala that detect and monitor negative and potentially threatening information. Instead, current findings support the hypothesis that this positivity effect is implemented by prefrontal cognitive control mechanisms that enhance positive and diminish negative information.