Bio23 Tutorials and Animations

This page was created and it is maintained by Carlos Liachovitzky. If you find a broken link or want to suggest a site to be added, let me know at ap.bcc.cuny.edu@gmail.com.

You will need the following free downloadable players/software to view many of the tutorials and animations.: Shockwave: http://get.adobe.com/shockwave/; Quicktime: http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/; Flashplayer: http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/; Adobe Reader to read pdfs: http://get.adobe.com/reader/

More freeware (e.g. plugins, browsers, viewers, and media players)

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I (BIO23) LEARNING RESOURCES: ONLINE TUTORIALS AND ANIMATIONS

Credits for the tutorials and animations can be found following the links to their respective sites.

NOTE: These links do not cover every single topic or concept discussed in your class, and some topics might be more detailed than what you saw in class. Always follow the content covered by your instructor in your classroom.

INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY & HOMEOSTASIS

1) Practice what you know about Levels of Organization (RF-14)

2) Practice what you know about Directional Terms (RF-14)

3) More practice on Directional Terms (RF-14)

4) Practice what you know about Planes of the Human Body (RF-14)

5) Directional Terms and Anatomical Terminology (Relative Position) (RF-14)

6) Body Sections and Divisions of the Abdominal Pelvic Cavity (RV-F14)

7) Body cavities (RV-F14)

8) Review Body Regions - Anterior (RV-F14)

9) Review Body Regions - Posterior (RV-F14)

10) Control, regulation, and feedback in body temperature homeostasis (Thermoregulation) (RV-F14)

11) See animation on Homeostasis Components (sensor, control center, and effector) and Terms (negative feedback, set point) (RV-F14)

12) Great review on Homeostasis: includes range of body conditions, feedback components, receptors, control center, effectors, negative and positive feedback systems (RV-F14)

13) Another great review on Homeostasis of Blood Pressure (RV-F14)

CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

14) Chemical Bonds - Electron Shells And Chemical Reactivity, Covalent Bonds, Polarity And Hydrogen Bonding, And Ionic Bonds (RV-F14)

15) See atomic structure animation table for the first 11 elements of the Periodic Table (RV-F14)

16) Revise what you know about biomolecules playing this game (RV-F14)

17) See two isotopes of hydrogen (RV-F14)

18) Polarity in the water molecule (RV-F14)

19) Explore how hydrogen ion concentration and pH are related. Plus, see how this relates with acids and bases (RV-F14)

20) See what happens with pH when we add an acid or a base to a buffered solution (RV-F14)

21) See how a NaCl solution forms (RV-F14)

22) See a simple visual explanation of Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis reactions (RV-F14)

23) Learn the basics about carbohydrates (RV-F14)

24) Learn the basics about lipids (RV-F14)

25) Learn the basics about proteins (RV-F14)

26) Great summary to revise macromolecules (Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, And Nucleic Acids) (RV-F14)

27) A (more complex) view of Amino Acids, Peptide Bonds, Primary Structure, Secondary Structure, And Tertiary Structure (RV-F14)

28) A simple explanation of how enzymes work (RV-F14)

29) An example of an enzyme (sucrase) in action (RV-F14)

30) A simple analogy to explain enzyme action (RV-F14)

31) Video description of DNA structure (RV-F14)

CELL BIOLOGY

32) See how to use a microscope and review microscope parts (Very similar to the ones we have in the lab) (RV-F14)

33) Review Cellular Structures (Notes: 1-Animal cells are eukaryote cells, 2-Ignore chloroplasts in the tutorial, they do not belong to human cells) (RV-F14)

34) Review Cellular Structures – Organelles and Their Functions (RV-F14)

35) Take a look inside a cell – A simple explanation of Organelles’ funtions (RV-F14)

36) Cell Size and Scale: Compare the sizes of an atom all the way up to a coffee grain! (RV-F14)

37) Membrane Structure: Construct a membrane using the right molecules (RV-F14)

38) See a simple model of Membrane Fluidity (RV-F14)

39) Membrane Transport: A summary of Passive Transport (RV-F14)

40) Membrane Transport: A summary of Active Transport (RV-F14)

41) Membrane Transport: A summary of Passive Transport and Active Transport (RV-F14)

42) See a simple model of Secondary Active Transport (RV-F14)

43) Membrane Transport: A summary of Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis (RV-F14)

44) See a simple model of Uniport (RV-F14)

45) See a simple model of Symport (co-transport) (RV-F14)

46) See a simple model of Antiport (counter-transport) (RV-F14)

GENETICS AND CELL FUNCTION

47) A short description of the Cell Cycle (RV-F14)

48) Stages of Mitosis (two-chromosome version) (RV-F14)

49) Stages of the Cell Cycle, including Mitosis (four-chromosome version) (RV-F14)

50) Stages of Meiosis (four-chromosome version) (RV-F14)

51) Practice and Compare Mitosis and Meiosis recreating their stages (RV-F14)

52) See how Mitosis relates with Differentiation, and Stem Cells (RV-F14)

53) Practice identifying DNA molecule’s building blocks (RV-F14)

54) See a journey from a cell into its DNA Structure (RV-F14)

55) Excellent review of the relationship among DNA, genes, chromosomes, proteins and heredity (RV-F14)

56) RNA 3-D structure of and RNA folding (RV-F14)

57) Triplet coding (Why three?) explanation (RV-F14)

58) A complex (advanced) description of Chromosome Structure (RV-F14)

59) A summary of DNA replication (a.k.a. DNA duplication, or DNA synthesis) (RV-F14)

60) Simple version of Transcription only (RV-F14)

61) Simple version of Translation only (RV-F14)

62) A complex (advanced) description of Transcription (RV-F14)

63) A complex (advanced) description of Translation (RV-F14)

64) A simple description of Translation (RV-F14)

65) Simple version of Protein Synthesis - Transcription and Translation (RV-F14)

66) Practice by Transcribing and Translating a Gene! (RV-F14)

67) Excellent hyper-realistic translation animation (advanced detail) (RV-F14)

68) A simple explanation of Protein Synthesis/Secretion (for membrane proteins and proteins to be exported/released by exocytosis/secreted) (RV-F14)

69) Another explanation of Protein Synthesis/Secretion and Golgi involvement (RV-F14)

70) Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain and Fermentation: The basics (RV-F14)

71) Cellular Respiration (Excellent But More Detailed Than What You Need. Still Very Good To Give You An Idea About What It Is) (RV-F14)

HISTOLOGY

72) Histology Atlas: See Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, and Nervous Tissue slides (RV-F14)

73) Test yourself with these 21 slides of the Four Tissues and Review their functions (RV-F14)

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

74) Skin and The Integumentary System (RV-F14)

75) Skin Anatomy (Select the “Skin Anatomy” button) (RV-F14)

76) Receptors in the Skin (RV-F14)

77) Effect Of Sunlight and of a Cut (Select the “Stresses on Skin” option) (RV-F14)

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

78) Endocrine Organs and their functions (RV-F14)

79) Practice Location of Endocrine Organs (RV-F14)

80) Review Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis and Negative Feedback Loops (RV-F14)

81) Control Of The Thyroid Gland And Feedback (RV-F14)

82) Hormonal Regulation of Calcium and Bone Deposition and Absorption (RV-F14)

83) Insulin and Glucagon Regulation (pancreas, glucose and cells) (RV-F14)

84) A simple model showing 2nd Messengers’action (RV-F14)

85) Mini Lecture On Hormone Receptors, Agonists And Antagonists (RV-F14)

NERVOUS SYSTEM - NERVOUS TISSUE

86) Great preview to neuronal structure and communication (RV-F14)

87) Neurons: Structure, Axonal Transport, Structural Classification And By Functional Classification (RV-F14)

88) Neurons: identify Structures in a Typical Neuron (RV-F14)

89) Glial Cells: Schwann Cells And Myelinated Axons (RV-F14)

90) The Synapse: see how it works (RV-F14)

91) Overview of Cell Membrane Physiology, Resting Membrane Potential, Action Potentials And Synapses (RV-F14)

92) Action Potential (See the relationship between channel’s behavior and what you see in the action potential graph) (RV-F14)

NERVOUS SYSTEM - SPINAL CORD

93) Spinal Cord Tutorials: Anatomy of the Spinal Cord, Gray Matter Anatomy and Function, and White Matter Anatomy and Function (RV-F14)

94) Reflex Arc: See its components and how it works (RV-F14)

95) Flexor (Withdrawal) Reflex and the Crossed Extension Reflex: See how it works (RV-F14)

NERVOUS SYSTEM – BRAIN

96) Meninges of the Brain (RV-F14)

97) Lobes, Fissures, Gyri, and Sulci of the Cerebral Cortex (RV-F14)

98) Precentral Gyrus and The Primary Motor Area (RV-F14)

99) Postcentral Gyrus and The Somatosensory Area (RV-F14)

100) Directions, Reference Planes, and Views of The Brain (RV-F14)

101) Major Divisions and Functions of the Brain (Check Brain Anatomy, The Unhealthy Brain, a nd Stimulate the Brain) (RV-F14)

102) Anatomy of a Nerve Tutorial (RV-F14)

103) See The Cranial Nerves and Their Functions (RV-F14)

104) Somatic Sensory Pathway Tutorial (RV-F14)

105) Autonomic Sensory Pathway Tutorial (RV-F14)

106) Somatic Motor Pathway and Voluntary Control The Facial Muscles (RV-F14)

107) Great National Geographic production on Mapping Memory in 3D (and Alzheimer’s) (RV-F14)

108) Addictions and The Brain: Take a look at the brains of mice on drugs (RV-F14)

109) Advanced (but doable): Neurological Cases (RV-F14)

NERVOUS SYSTEM - SENSES

110) See how light enters the eye; plus ciliary muscles, iris, and photoreceptors in action (RV-F14)

111) Sound Transduction and Ear Structures (RV-F14)

112) Turn your head to the right and your eyes go left, why?: Oculocephalic Reflex (RV-F14)

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

113) Learn The Skeletal Muscles with this Game: Poke A Muscle! (RV-F14)

114) Location of Muscle Fibers, General Anatomy of Muscle Fibers, Sarcomeres, Think and Thick Filaments, Troponin and Tropmyosin, and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (RV-F14)

115) Motor Units, Neuromuscular Junctions, Release Of Neurotransmitters, Acetylcholine Receptors, Depolarization And Repolarization of Sarcolemma (RV-F14)

116) Excitation, Contraction And Relaxation - Sliding Filament Theory (RV-F14)

117) Sources of Energy of Muscle Fibers (RV-F14)

118) Type I Fibers vs. Type II fibers (RV-F14)

SKELETAL SYSTEM AND JOINTS

119) Appendicular and Axial Skeleton: Bone Identification Review (RV-F14)

120) See real bones in detail (RV-F14)

121) Learn The Bones Playing a Game: Whack-a-bone! (RV-F14)

122) Structures of a Typical Synovial Joint (RV-F14)

123) Bone Growth and Osteoporosis (RV-F14)

124) Different Types of Bone Cells (RV-F14)

125) Make a skeleton and practice the bones (RV-F14)

SYSTEMS AND ORGANS

126) Explore The Systems in Detail 1 (RV-F14)

127) Explore The Systems in Detail 2 (RV-F14)

128) BioDigital Human: Explore the Body (RV-F14)