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Lesson 2: Speaking and Writing

Informative Answers:
The Paradox
 
 
The major difference between speaking and writing is that whereas we speak while we are thinking; when we write, we think about and plan our grammatical sentence construction.
 
In the first lesson at KingsCalendar on improving Oral English, it was said that an informative answer is one that gives more information than was specifically requested in a question.
 
In Grammar however, and informative answer is really just a compound-complex sentence.
 
In order to give really informative answers, one must be able to construct grammatically correct sentences.
 
In the "Text Box" opposite, a Compound-Complex sentence is described as one in which there are 2 or more independent clauses and 1 or more dependent clauses.
 
If you had to introduce yourself and were told to pack as much information into 4 or 5 sentences as possible, your first sentence might look like this:
 
My name is ____ and I am a 21 year old Sophomore English Major studying at _____________ university.
 
Here you have answered 5 questions:
  1. What is your name?
  2. How old are you?
  3. Which University do you attend?
  4. What is your major?
  5. What year/grade are you in?
"My name is Bill" is a simple sentence and in the 'introduction example'  above, it is an independent clause.
 
"I am a 21 year old Sophomore English Major" is a simple sentence and in the 'introduction example' above, it is an independent clause.
 
"studying at ______ university"  is a dependent clause.
 
So the 'introduction example' sentence provided above has 2 independent clauses and one dependent clause.  It is a Compound-Complex sentence. With a little bit of work, you can even extend the sentence to include more information.
 
 
So Remember:
 
The art of using informative answers, is just the art of constructing grammatically correct Compound-Complex Sentences.
 
 
 

Text Box

Compound-Complex Sentences
 
Compound-complex Sentence =
2 or more independent clauses -and-
1 or more dependent clauses
 
Example:
 
I hate playing volleyball,
but I enjoy playing football
although I am not very good at it.
 
(Independent clause can stand alone as a simple sentence.
Dependent clause introduced by who, when, while, if, because etc cannot stand alone.)
 
You can read about these types of sentences in the book cited below, on the following pages:
 
Page 8 : Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex sentences.
P. 10: Sentence unity
P.33,34: Compound Sentences
P.55,56: Complex Sentences
P. 83,84: Noun Clauses in Compound Sentences
P.96-99: Avoiding problems in Compound Sentences 
P.120 & P. 148 - Reducing Compound and Complex sentences.

Page numbers cited are those in:
 
College English Composition: Expressing an Idea : 2002
 
大学英文写作 第一册
编委: 丁言仁  刘海平  王守仁
编者:  赵文书  康文凯
南京大学出版社
 
              
 
 

Text Box

Byron Bay at Dawn - N.S.W - East Coast Australia