Learning New Skills

• Bridges and Lau (2006)
  

Skill Levels

• Novice: Follows the rules, requires specific rules for specific circumstances, and takes no responsibility other than following the rules.

• Advanced Beginner: Expanded view of situations in which the skill is applied, begins to transfer rules to related situations, still makes decisions based on rules, and does not experience personal responsibility.

• Competent: Senses that the number of rules is becoming excessive, begins to organize rules by developing principles, starts developing information on the relative importance of particular rules, and begins to experience responsibility relative to decision-making resulting from the application of rules.
  

• Proficient: Problems are solved intuitively based on extensive previous experience, sees the “whole picture,”and applies conscious decision-making by formulatinga plan of action.
  

• Expert: Doesn’t go through the normal processes but intuitively senses what should be done, often without the need for analysis.